Python程序对矩阵按行和按列进行排序

给定anxn矩阵。问题是按行和按列对矩阵进行排序。
例子：

Input : mat[][] = { {4, 1, 3},
                    {9, 6, 8},
                    {5, 2, 7} }
Output : 1 3 4
         2 5 7
         6 8 9

Input : mat[][] = { {12, 7, 1, 8},
                    {20, 9, 11, 2},
                    {15, 4, 5, 13},
                    {3, 18, 10, 6} } 
Output : 1 5 8 12
         2 6 10 15
         3 7 11 18
         4 9 13 20

方法：以下是步骤：

1. 对矩阵的每一行进行排序。
2. 获取矩阵的转置。
3. 再次对矩阵的每一行进行排序。
4. 再次获得矩阵的转置。

获取矩阵转置的算法：

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    for (int j = i + 1; i < n; i++) {
        int temp = mat[i][j];
        mat[i][j] = mat[j][i];
        mat[j][i] = temp;
    }
}

Python 3

# Python 3 implementation to 
# sort the matrix row-wise
# and column-wise
MAX_SIZE = 10
  
# function to sort each
# row of the matrix
def sortByRow(mat, n):
    for i in range (n):
          
        # sorting row number 'i'
        for j in range(n-1):
            if mat[i][j] > mat[i][j + 1]:
                temp = mat[i][j]
                mat[i][j] = mat[i][j + 1]
                mat[i][j + 1] = temp
  
# function to find 
# transpose of the matrix
def transpose(mat, n):
    for i in range (n):
        for j in range(i + 1, n):
  
            # swapping element at 
            # index (i, j) by element 
            # at index (j, i)
            t = mat[i][j]
            mat[i][j] = mat[j][i]
            mat[j][i] = t
  
# function to sort
# the matrix row-wise
# and column-wise
def sortMatRowAndColWise(mat, n):
      
    # sort rows of mat[][]
    sortByRow(mat, n)
  
    # get transpose of mat[][]
    transpose(mat, n)
  
    # again sort rows of mat[][]
    sortByRow(mat, n)
  
    # again get transpose of mat[][]
    transpose(mat, n)
  
# function to print the matrix
def printMat(mat, n):
    for i in range(n):
        for j in range(n):
            print(str(mat[i][j] ), end = " ")
        print();
          
# Driver Code
mat = [[ 4, 1, 3 ],
       [ 9, 6, 8 ],
       [ 5, 2, 7 ]]
n = 3
  
print("Original Matrix:")
printMat(mat, n)
  
sortMatRowAndColWise(mat, n)
  
print("
Matrix After Sorting:")
printMat(mat, n)
  
# This code is contributed 
# by ChitraNayal

输出：

Original Matrix:
4 1 3
9 6 8
5 2 7

Matrix After Sorting:
1 3 4
2 5 7
6 8 9

时间复杂度： O(n ² log ₂ n)。
辅助空间：O(1)。
有关详细信息，请参阅有关按行和按列对矩阵进行排序的完整文章！