R 中的多个条形图

条形图是分组数据的直观表示。它是数据分析活动中最常用的图。在多个条形图中，我们有水平和垂直矩形条形式的各种条形图。在这些多重条形图中，条形表示数值变量和分类变量之间的关系。让我们在以下示例的帮助下学习创建多条形图。

方法 1：使用 ggplot2 包中的 geom_bar()

geom_bar()函数用于为分类数据 x 创建条形图，为连续数据 y 创建直方图。它内置在 ggplot2 包中，我们不需要单独安装它。

Syntax: geom_bar( mapping = NULL, data = NULL, stat = “count”, position = “stack”,..)

Parameter:

mapping: mapping can be created by “aes()” i.e. aesthetic mapping in this mapping we provide the column name as an argument to map onto the plot. The default mapping in geom_bar is NULL.
data: data is a data frame that we will be using during the plotting.
stat: stat stands for statistics and its default value is count, i.e. we are creating bars based on the number of counts.
position: position argument specify how the bars will be placed during the visual representation of the figure. The default value of the position is stack.

编程需要懂一点英语

此处，将位置参数设置为适当的值以生成彼此并排的条形图。

例子：

R

# creating multiple bar plots in R
library(ggplot2)
 
# creating a dummy dataset
number <- c(12,22,11,26,10,20,21,18)
 
gender <- c("Male","Female","Male","Female",
            "Female","Male","Female","Male")
 
friend_or_not <- c("Unknown","Friend","Unknown",
                   "Friend","Unknown","Friend",
                   "Unknown","Friend")
 
# creating data frame
circle <- data.frame(number,gender,friend_or_not)
 
# creating plot using the above data
ggplot(circle, aes(gender, number, fill = friend_or_not)) +
  geom_bar(stat="identity", position = "dodge") +
  labs(title="Multiple Bar plots")

R

# creating multiple bar plots in R
 
# creating a dummy data frame
barplot1=c(10,2,5,4,6,5,8,10,5,9)
barplot2=c(9,5,6,4,7,1,2,6,2,6)
barplot3=c(4,2,9,4,3,5,7,10,10,3)
data <- data.frame(barplot1,barplot2,barplot3)
 
# plotting multiple bar plots
barplot(as.matrix(data),
        main="Multiple Bar Plots",
         
        # setting y label only
        # because x-label will be our
        # barplots name
        ylab="Count",
         
        # to plot the bars vertically
        beside=TRUE,
)

输出：

使用 geom_bar() 的多条形图

方法 2：使用基础 R 包 barplot()

我们可以使用 barplot()函数在 R 编程语言中创建条形图。以下是创建条形图的语法。我们可以使用相同的条形图语法进行一些修改来创建多个条形图。

Syntax: barplot(data,main,xlab,ylab,..)

Parameter:

data: data is where we put our dataset name or table name. We can also supply a vector or matrix as an argument in data.
main: main is used to display the title of the bar chart.
xlab: xlab takes a string as an argument and sets the x-axis label.
ylab: ylab takes a string as an argument and sets the y-axis label.

编程需要懂一点英语

将图表并排放置，除了 boxplot() 的参数设置为 TRUE。

例子：

电阻

# creating multiple bar plots in R
 
# creating a dummy data frame
barplot1=c(10,2,5,4,6,5,8,10,5,9)
barplot2=c(9,5,6,4,7,1,2,6,2,6)
barplot3=c(4,2,9,4,3,5,7,10,10,3)
data <- data.frame(barplot1,barplot2,barplot3)
 
# plotting multiple bar plots
barplot(as.matrix(data),
        main="Multiple Bar Plots",
         
        # setting y label only
        # because x-label will be our
        # barplots name
        ylab="Count",
         
        # to plot the bars vertically
        beside=TRUE,
)

输出：

多个条形图