先决条件 – 微控制器 (µC) 和微处理器 (µP) 之间的区别
微控制器是单个集成电路 (IC)，可与小型独立计算机相媲美，旨在管理嵌入式系统中的特定操作。微控制器包含处理单元和少量内存(ROM、RAM 等)、少量的外围设备 I/O 端口、定时器等。我们可以说它是一个小型低成本的微型计算机。 PIC 和 MSP430 属于微控制器系列。 PIC 微控制器和 MSP430 微控制器在不同的架构和不同的指令集、速度、转换、内存、功耗、总线宽度等方面彼此不同。现在让我们详细了解它们之间的区别。
1. PIC 微控制器：
PIC微控制器最初被称为外设接口控制器，现在被称为可编程智能计算机。它属于 Microchip Technology 制造的微控制器系列。它最初是由 General Instrument 的 Microelectronics 于 1993 年开发的。它可以通过编程来执行广泛的任务。 PIC 微控制器有 8 位、16 位和 32 位可供选择。它基于RISC指令集架构和哈佛内存架构。
2. MSP430 微控制器：
它是一个 16 位超低功耗微控制器，具有德州仪器 (TI) 的许多功能。它基于冯诺依曼架构，作为微控制器以及 Launchpad 提供。它由用于传感和测量应用的模拟和数字设备组成。它是一个RISC微控制器。它可以在 Code Composer Studio(CSS) IDE、Energia 和其他各种 IDE 中进行编程。该微控制器专为低成本和极低功耗的嵌入式应用而设计。
PIC 和 MSP430 的区别：
| S.No. | PIC | MSP430 |
|---|---|---|
| 01. | PIC micro-controllers are available in 8/16/32-bit. | MSP430 is a 16 bit micro-controller. |
| 02. | Its speed is 4 Clock/instruction cycle. | Its speed is 6 Clock/instruction cycle. |
| 03. | It supports PIC, UART, USART, LIN, CAN, Ethernet, SPI, I2S communication protocols. | It supports PIC, UART, USART, LIN, I2C, SPI communication protocols. |
| 04. | It uses SRAM, Flash memory. | It uses Flash, SDRAM, EEPROM memory. |
| 05. | It is based on Some feature of RISC. | It is based on Some feature of RISC. |
| 06. | It is based on Harvard architecture. | It is based on Von-Neumann architecture. |
| 07. | Its power consumption is low. | Its power consumption is ultra low. |
| 08. | Its families include PIC16, PIC17, PIC18, PIC24, PIC32. | Its families include MSP430X, MSP430FR57xx, MSP430x1xx, to ‘x6xx series. |
| 09. | It has very good community support. | It has very vast community support. |
| 10. | Its manufacturer is Microchip. | Its manufacturer is Texas Instruments. |
| 11. | Popular micro-controllers are PIC18fXX8, PIC16f88X, PIC32MXX. | Popular micro-controllers are MSP430G2553, MSP430 Launchpad. |