先决条件–微控制器(µC)和微处理器(µP)之间的差异
微控制器是单个集成电路(IC)，可与小型独立计算机相媲美，它旨在执行嵌入式系统的特定任务。一个微控制器包含处理单元和少量的内存(ROM，RAM等)，很少有用于外围设备的I / O端口，计时器等。AVR和MSP430属于微控制器家族。 MSP430微控制器和AVR微控制器在不同的体系结构以及不同的指令集，速度，转换，内存，功耗，总线宽度等方面彼此不同。现在，让我们详细了解它们之间的区别。
1. AVR微控制器：
AVR微控制器由Atmel公司于1996年制造。它基于RISC指令集体系结构(ISA)，也称为高级虚拟RISC。 AT90S8515是最初的微控制器，属于AVR系列。 AVR微控制器是最流行的控制器类别，而且价格便宜。它被用于许多机器人应用中。
2. MSP430微控制器：
它是德州仪器(TI)的16位微控制器系列，于1992年2月14日首次推出。它是最简单的微控制器之一，专为低成本(特别是低功耗嵌入式应用)而设计。它是一个混合信号微控制器，意味着单个IC既具有模拟电路又具有数字电路。 MSP430微控制器基于冯·诺依曼架构。可以使用各种IDE对其进行编程。它比PIC，AVR和其他微控制器要快。
AVR和MSP430之间的区别：
| S.No. | AVR | MSP430 |
|---|---|---|
| 01. | Bus width of AVR micro-controller is 8/32-bit. | Bus width of MSP430 micro-controller is 16-bit. |
| 02. | AVR micro-controller supports UART, USART, SPI, I2C communication protocols. | MSP430 micro-controller supports UART, USART, LIN, I2C, SPI, I2S. IrDA communication protocols. |
| 03. | Its speed is 1 clock/ instruction cycle. | Its speed is 6 clock/ instruction cycle. |
| 04. | AVR micro-controller is based on RISC Instruction Set Architecture. | MSP430 micro-controller is based on some features of RISC. |
| 05. | It is based on modified Havard architecture. | It is based on Von-Neumann architecture. |
| 06. | Its families include Tiny, Atmega, Xmega, special purpose AVR. | Its families include MSP430X, MSP430FR57xx, MSP430x1xx to x6xx series. |
| 07. | AVR micro-controller has very good community support. | MSP430 micro-controller has average community support. |
| 08. | Manufcturer of AVR micro-controller is Atmel. | Manufacturer of MSP430 micro-controller is Texas Instruments. |
| 09. | AVR micro-controllers are known for its low cost and effective. | MSP430 micro-controllera are known for its ultra low power operation. |
| 10. | Popular micro-controllers are Atmega8, 16, 32, Arduino Community. | Popular micro-controllers are MSP430G2553, MSP430 Launchpad. |