用左侧最大的元素替换每个元素

给定一个整数数组，任务是用左侧最大的元素替换每个元素。
注意：将第一个元素替换为 -1，因为它的左侧没有元素。
例子：

Input: arr[] = {4, 5, 2, 1, 7, 6}
Output: -1 4 5 5 5 7
Since, 4 has no element in its left, so replace it by -1.
For 5, 4 is the greatest element in its left.
For 2, 5 is the greatest element in its left.
For 1, 5 is the greatest element in its left.
For 7, 5 is the greatest element in its left.
For 6, 7 is the greatest element in its left.

Input: arr[] = {3, 2, 5, 7, 1}
Output: -1 3 3 5 7

方法：

1. 维护一个变量 max_ele ，它将存储最大的元素。
2. 最初，max_ele 将等于第 0 个索引处的元素。
3. 首先将 arr[0] 替换为 -1 然后遍历数组
4. 然后用 max_ele 值替换元素，如果元素大于 max_ele，则更新 max_ele。
5. 打印修改后的数组。

下面是上述方法的实现：

C++

// C++ program to Replace every
// element with the greater element
// on its left side
#include 
using namespace std;
 
// Function to replace the elements
void ReplaceElements(int arr[], int n)
{
    // Max value initialised
    // to element at 0th index
    int max_ele = arr[0];
    arr[0] = -1;
 
    for (int i = 1; i < n; ++i) {
 
        // If max_ele is greater than arr[i]
        // then just replace arr[i] with max_ele
        if (max_ele > arr[i])
            arr[i] = max_ele;
 
        // Else if update the max_ele also
        else if (max_ele <= arr[i]) {
            int temp = arr[i];
            arr[i] = max_ele;
            max_ele = temp;
        }
    }
}
 
// Driver code
int main()
{
    int arr[] = { 4, 5, 2, 1, 7, 6 };
    int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
 
    // Replace the elements
    // with the smaller element
    // on its left side
    ReplaceElements(arr, n);
 
    // Print the modified array
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
        cout << arr[i] << " ";
 
    return 0;
}

Java

// Java program to Replace every
// element with the greater element
// on its left side
import java.util.*;
 
class Geeks {
 
 
// Function to replace the elements
static void ReplaceElements(int arr[], int n)
{
    // Max value initialised
    // to element at 0th index
    int max_ele = arr[0];
    arr[0] = -1;
 
    for (int i = 1; i < n; ++i) {
 
        // If max_ele is greater than arr[i]
        // then just replace arr[i] with max_ele
        if (max_ele > arr[i])
            arr[i] = max_ele;
 
        // Else if update the max_ele also
        else if (max_ele <= arr[i]) {
            int temp = arr[i];
            arr[i] = max_ele;
            max_ele = temp;
        }
    }
}
 
// Driver code
public static void main(String args[])
{
    int arr[] = { 4, 5, 2, 1, 7, 6 };
    int n = arr.length;
 
    // Replace the elements
    // with the smaller element
    // on its left side
    ReplaceElements(arr, n);
 
    // Print the modified array
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
        System.out.println(arr[i]);
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by ankita_saini

Python3

# Python3 program to Replace every
# element with the greater element
# on its left side
 
# Function to replace the elements
def ReplaceElements(arr, n):
 
    # Max value initialised
    # to element at 0th index
    max_ele = arr[0]
    arr[0] = -1
 
    for i in range(1, n):
 
        # If max_ele is greater than arr[i]
        # then just replace arr[i] with max_ele
        if (max_ele > arr[i]):
            arr[i] = max_ele
 
        # Else if update the max_ele also
        elif (max_ele <= arr[i]):
            temp = arr[i]
            arr[i] = max_ele
            max_ele = temp
 
# Driver code
if __name__ == "__main__":
 
    arr = [4, 5, 2, 1, 7, 6 ]
    n = len(arr)
 
    # Replace the elements
    # with the smaller element
    # on its left side
    ReplaceElements(arr, n)
 
    # Print the modified array
    for i in range (n):
        print( arr[i], end = " ")
 
# This code is contributed
# by ChitraNayal

C#

// C# program to Replace every
// element with the greater element
// on its left side
using System;
public class GFG {
 
// Function to replace the elements
static void ReplaceElements(int []arr, int n)
{
    // Max value initialised
    // to element at 0th index
    int max_ele = arr[0];
    arr[0] = -1;
 
    for (int i = 1; i < n; ++i) {
 
        // If max_ele is greater than arr[i]
        // then just replace arr[i] with max_ele
        if (max_ele > arr[i])
            arr[i] = max_ele;
 
        // Else if update the max_ele also
        else if (max_ele <= arr[i]) {
            int temp = arr[i];
            arr[i] = max_ele;
            max_ele = temp;
        }
    }
}
 
// Driver code
public static void Main()
{
    int []arr = { 4, 5, 2, 1, 7, 6 };
    int n = arr.Length;
 
    // Replace the elements
    // with the smaller element
    // on its left side
    ReplaceElements(arr, n);
 
    // Print the modified array
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        Console.Write(arr[i]+" ");
    }
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by Rajput-Ji

PHP

 $arr[$i])
            $arr[$i] = $max_ele;
 
        // Else if update the max_ele also
        else if ($max_ele <= $arr[$i])
        {
            $temp = $arr[$i];
            $arr[$i] = $max_ele;
            $max_ele = $temp;
        }
    }
    return $arr;
}
 
// Driver code
$arr = array(4, 5, 2, 1, 7, 6);
$n = sizeof($arr);
 
// Replace the elements
// with the smaller element
// on its left side
$arr1 = ReplaceElements($arr, $n);
 
// Print the modified array
for ($i = 0; $i < $n; ++$i)
    echo $arr1[$i] . " ";
 
// This code is contributed
// by Akanksha Rai

Javascript

// Java script program to Replace every
// element with the greater element
// on its left side
 
// Function to replace the elements
function ReplaceElements(arr,n)
{
 
    // Max value initialised
    // to element at 0th index
    let max_ele = arr[0];
    arr[0] = -1;
 
    for (let i = 1; i < n; ++i) {
 
        // If max_ele is greater than arr[i]
        // then just replace arr[i] with max_ele
        if (max_ele > arr[i])
            arr[i] = max_ele;
 
        // Else if update the max_ele also
        else if (max_ele <= arr[i]) {
            let temp = arr[i];
            arr[i] = max_ele;
            max_ele = temp;
        }
    }
}
 
// Driver code
    let arr = [ 4, 5, 2, 1, 7, 6 ];
    let n = arr.length;
 
    // Replace the elements
    // with the smaller element
    // on its left side
    ReplaceElements(arr, n);
 
    // Print the modified array
    for (let i = 0; i < n; ++i)
        document.write(arr[i]+" ");
 
// This code is contributed by sravan kumar G

输出：

-1 4 5 5 5 7

时间复杂度： O(N)