如何在 R 中自定义条形图的轴

可以使用 barplot() 方法创建 R 编程语言中的条形图。它将矩阵或值向量作为输入。条形高度等于向量中包含的值。

Syntax: barplot(H, xlab, ylab, main, names.arg, col)

标记条形图的 X轴

barplot() 方法中的 names.args 属性可用于为 x 轴标签指定名称。可以指定数字或字符标签，它们交替绘制在显示窗口上。

示例：标记条形图的 X 轴

R

# creating a data frame
data_frame <- data.frame(col1 = 1:20,
                         col2 = 1:20,
                         col3 = 1)
  
# printing the data frame
print ("Original DataFrame")
print (data_frame)
  
# plotting a barplot
barplot(data_frame$col2, names.arg = data_frame$col1)

R

# creating a data frame
data_frame <- data.frame(col1 = 1:20,
                         col2 = 1:20,
                         col3 = 1)
  
# printing the data frame
print ("Original DataFrame")
print (data_frame)
  
# plotting a barplot
barplot(data_frame$col2, names.arg = data_frame$col1 , ylim= c(0,50) )

R

# creating a data frame
data_frame <- data.frame(col1 = 1:20,
                         col2 = 1:20,
                         col3 = 1)
  
# printing the data frame
print ("Original DataFrame")
print (data_frame)
  
# plotting a barplot
barplot(data_frame$col2, names.arg = data_frame$col1 , xlim= c(0,50) )

R

# creating a data frame
data_frame <- data.frame(col1 = 1:20,
                         col2 = 1:20,
                         col3 = 1)
  
# printing the data frame
print ("Original DataFrame")
print (data_frame)
  
# plotting a barplot
barplot(data_frame$col2, names.arg = data_frame$col1 , log = "y" )

R

# creating a data frame
data_frame <- data.frame(col1 = 1:20,
                         col2 = 1:20,
                         col3 = 1)
  
# printing the data frame
print ("Original DataFrame")
print (data_frame)
  
# plotting a barplot
barplot(data_frame$col2, names.arg = data_frame$col1 , log = "x" )

R

# creating a data frame
data_frame <- data.frame(col1 = 1:5,
                         col2 = 5:9,
                         col3 = 1)
  
# printing the data frame
print ("Original DataFrame")
print (data_frame)
  
# plotting a barplot
barplot(data_frame$col2, names.arg =c(
  "Grp1","Grp2","Grp3","Grp4","Grp5"))

R

# creating a data frame
data_frame <- data.frame(col1 = 1:20,
                         col2 = 1:20,
                         col3 = 1)
  
# printing the data frame
print ("Original DataFrame")
print (data_frame)
  
# plotting a barplot
barplot(data_frame$col2, names.arg = data_frame$col1 , las=3)

R

# creating a data frame
data_frame <- data.frame(col1 = 1:20,
                         col2 = 1:20,
                         col3 = 1)
  
# printing the data frame
print ("Original DataFrame")
print (data_frame)
  
# plotting a barplot
barplot(data_frame$col2, names.arg = data_frame$col1 ,
        xlab = "Integers", ylab = "Numbers")

输出

设置条形图的 Y 轴限制

barplot() 方法的 ylim 参数可用于设置要在显示窗口上描绘的限制。它包含一个包含下限和上限的向量。

示例：设置条形图的 Y 轴限制

电阻

# creating a data frame
data_frame <- data.frame(col1 = 1:20,
                         col2 = 1:20,
                         col3 = 1)
  
# printing the data frame
print ("Original DataFrame")
print (data_frame)
  
# plotting a barplot
barplot(data_frame$col2, names.arg = data_frame$col1 , ylim= c(0,50) )

输出

设置条形图的 X轴限制

barplot() 方法的 xlim 参数可用于设置要在显示窗口上描绘的限制。它包含一个包含下限和上限的向量。

示例：设置 X 轴限制

电阻

# creating a data frame
data_frame <- data.frame(col1 = 1:20,
                         col2 = 1:20,
                         col3 = 1)
  
# printing the data frame
print ("Original DataFrame")
print (data_frame)
  
# plotting a barplot
barplot(data_frame$col2, names.arg = data_frame$col1 , xlim= c(0,50) )

输出

绘制对数 Y轴

可以设置 log 参数以在对数刻度上显示轴及其对应的值。设置等效于字符y 的日志值字符串在 y 轴上显示修改。

示例：绘制对数 Y 轴

电阻

# creating a data frame
data_frame <- data.frame(col1 = 1:20,
                         col2 = 1:20,
                         col3 = 1)
  
# printing the data frame
print ("Original DataFrame")
print (data_frame)
  
# plotting a barplot
barplot(data_frame$col2, names.arg = data_frame$col1 , log = "y" )

输出

绘制对数 X轴

可以设置 log 参数以在对数刻度上显示轴及其对应的值。设置等效于字符x 的日志值在 x字符串显示修改。

示例：绘制对数 X 轴

电阻

# creating a data frame
data_frame <- data.frame(col1 = 1:20,
                         col2 = 1:20,
                         col3 = 1)
  
# printing the data frame
print ("Original DataFrame")
print (data_frame)
  
# plotting a barplot
barplot(data_frame$col2, names.arg = data_frame$col1 , log = "x" )

输出

重命名组标签

可以重命名 names.arg 属性以将一组新标签分配给 x 轴参数。

示例：重命名组标签

电阻

# creating a data frame
data_frame <- data.frame(col1 = 1:5,
                         col2 = 5:9,
                         col3 = 1)
  
# printing the data frame
print ("Original DataFrame")
print (data_frame)
  
# plotting a barplot
barplot(data_frame$col2, names.arg =c(
  "Grp1","Grp2","Grp3","Grp4","Grp5"))

输出

添加标签方向

可以使用 las 属性更改轴标签的方向。以下规格符号用于指定方向：

0: always parallel to the axis

1: always horizontal

2: always perpendicular to the axis

3: always vertical.

编程需要懂一点英语

示例：添加标签方向

电阻

# creating a data frame
data_frame <- data.frame(col1 = 1:20,
                         col2 = 1:20,
                         col3 = 1)
  
# printing the data frame
print ("Original DataFrame")
print (data_frame)
  
# plotting a barplot
barplot(data_frame$col2, names.arg = data_frame$col1 , las=3)

输出

添加轴标签

字符串，它们将各自的名称分配给条形图的轴。

示例：添加轴标签

电阻

# creating a data frame
data_frame <- data.frame(col1 = 1:20,
                         col2 = 1:20,
                         col3 = 1)
  
# printing the data frame
print ("Original DataFrame")
print (data_frame)
  
# plotting a barplot
barplot(data_frame$col2, names.arg = data_frame$col1 ,
        xlab = "Integers", ylab = "Numbers")

输出：