通过在键盘中键入给定字符串而生成的字符串具有给定字符的按钮有问题

给定一个字符串str和一个字符ch，其中字符ch的按钮无法正常工作。按下该键后，它会切换Caps Lock而不是那个字母。任务是打印在这样一个有问题的键盘上输入str后生成的字符串。
注意：字符串可以同时包含大写和小写字符。

例子：

Input: str = “This keyboard is faulty.”, ch = ‘a’
Output: This keyboRD IS Fulty.
Explanation: 
‘a’ is encountered at position 10 (0 based indexing), which turns Caps Lock ON, resulting in capitalizing the further characters till next ‘a’ is encountered at position 18, which turns it OFF.
Therefore the resultant string is “This keyboRD IS Fulty.”.

Input: str = “Read the phrase.”, ch = ‘z’
Output: Read the phrase.
Explanation: Since ‘z’ does not occur in the string, the string str is printed correctly.

处理方法：按照以下步骤解决上述问题：

• 将布尔变量CapsLockOn初始化为false ，它将存储Caps Lock是否打开。
• 通过遍历字符的给定字符串的字符并执行以下操作：
  • 如果字符串中的任何字符与ch相同，则删除当前字符并反转CapsLockOn的值并继续迭代字符串。
  • 如果CapsLockOn为True ，则将当前字符更新为大写，反之亦然。
  • 如果CapsLockOn为False ，则保持当前字符不变。
• 完成字符串遍历后，打印结果字符串。

下面是上述方法的实现：

C++

// C++ program for the above approach
 
#include 
using namespace std;
 
// Function to return the updated string
// after typing on faulty keyboard
string faultyKeyboard(string str, char ch)
{
    // Stores the status of Caps Lock
    bool CapsLockOn = false;
 
    int i = 0;
 
    // Traverse over the string
    while (i < str.length()) {
 
        // If ch is lower case
        if (str[i] == ch
            || str[i] == char(ch + 32)) {
 
            // Toggle the caps lock
            CapsLockOn = !CapsLockOn;
 
            // Delete i-th character
            str.erase(i, 1);
 
            continue;
        }
 
        // If ch is upper case
        else if (str[i] == ch
                 || str[i] == char(ch + 32)) {
 
            // Toggle the caps lock
            CapsLockOn = !CapsLockOn;
 
            // Delete i-th character
            str.erase(i, 1);
 
            continue;
        }
 
        // If CapsLockOn is true
        else if (CapsLockOn) {
 
            if (islower(str[i])) {
 
                // Convert the lower case
                // character to upper case
                str[i] = toupper(str[i]);
            }
            else {
 
                // Convert the upper case
                // character to lower case
                str[i] = tolower(str[i]);
            }
        }
 
        // Increment for next iteration
        i++;
    }
 
    // Return the resultant string
    return str;
}
 
// Driver Code
int main()
{
    // Given string str
    string str = "This keyboard is faulty.";
 
    char ch = 'a';
 
    // Function Call
    cout << faultyKeyboard(str, ch);
 
    return 0;
}

Java

// Java program for the above approach
import java.util.*;
 
class GFG{
   
// Function to return the updated string
// after typing on faulty keyboard
static String faultyKeyboard(String str, char ch)
{
     
    // Stores the status of Caps Lock
    boolean CapsLockOn = false;
 
    int i = 0;
 
    // Traverse over the string
    while (i < str.length())
    {
         
        // If ch is lower case
        if (str.charAt(i) == ch ||
            str.charAt(i) == (char)((int)ch + 32))
        {
             
            // Toggle the caps lock
            CapsLockOn = !CapsLockOn;
 
            // Delete i-th character
            str = str.substring(0, i) +
                  str.substring(i + 1);
                   
           // str.replace(str.charAt(i),'');
 
            continue;
        }
 
        // If ch is upper case
        else if (str.charAt(i) == ch ||
                 str.charAt(i) == (char)((int)ch + 32))
        {
             
            // Toggle the caps lock
            CapsLockOn = !CapsLockOn;
 
            // Delete i-th character
           str = str.substring(0, i) +
                 str.substring(i + 1); 
           // str.replace(str.charAt(i),'');
 
            continue;
        }
 
        // If CapsLockOn is true
        else if (CapsLockOn)
        {
            if (str.charAt(i) >='a' &&
                str.charAt(i) <= 'z')
            {
                 
                // Convert the lower case
                // character to upper case
                char c = Character.toUpperCase(
                         str.charAt(i));
                str = str.substring(0, i) + c +
                      str.substring(i + 1);
                       
                // str = str.replace(str.charAt(i),
                // Character.toUpperCase(str.charAt(i)));
            }
            else
            {
                 
                // Convert the upper case
                // character to lower case
                char c = Character.toLowerCase(
                         str.charAt(i));
                str = str.substring(0, i) + c +
                      str.substring(i + 1);
                       
               // str = str.replace(str.charAt(i),
               // Character.toLowerCase(str.charAt(i)));
            }
        }
 
        // Increment for next iteration
        i++;
    }
 
    // Return the resultant string
    return str;
}
 
// Driver Code
public static void main(String args[])
{
     
    // Given string str
    String str = "This keyboard is faulty.";
 
    char ch = 'a';
 
    // Function Call
    System.out.print(faultyKeyboard(str, ch));
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by ipg2016107

Python3

# Python 3 program for the above approach
 
# Function to return the updated string
# after typing on faulty keyboard
def faultyKeyboard(str, ch):
   
    # Stores the status of Caps Lock
    CapsLockOn = False
    i = 0
 
    # Traverse over the string
    while (i < len(str)):
       
        # If ch is lower case
        if (str[i] == ch or str[i] == chr(ord(ch) + 32)):
           
            # Toggle the caps lock
            if(CapsLockOn == False):
                CapsLockOn = True
            else:
                CapsLockOn = False
                 
            # Delete i-th character
            str = str.replace(str[i],'', 1)
 
            continue
 
        # If ch is upper case
        elif(str[i] == ch or str[i] == chr(ord(ch) + 32)):
           
            # Toggle the caps lock
            if(CapsLockOn==False):
                CapsLockOn = True
            else:
                CapsLockOn = False
                 
            # Delete i-th character
            str = str.replace(str[i],'', 1)
            continue
 
        # If CapsLockOn is true
        elif (CapsLockOn):
            if (ord(str[i]) >= 97 and ord(str[i]) <= 122):
               
                # Convert the lower case
                # character to upper case
                #indexes = set((i))
                chars = list(str)
                chars[i] = chars[i].upper()
 
                str = ''.join(chars)
            else:
               
                #indexes = set((i))
                chars = list(str)
                chars[i] = chars[i].lower()
 
                str = ''.join(chars)
                 
        # Increment for next iteration
        i += 1
 
    # Return the resultant string
    return str
 
# Driver Code
if __name__ == '__main__':
   
    # Given string str
    str = "This keyboard is faulty."
    ch = 'a'
 
    # Function Call
    print(faultyKeyboard(str, ch))
 
# This code is contributed by SURENDRA_GANGWAR.

C#

// C# program for the
// above approach
using System;
class GFG{
 
// Function to return the updated
// string after typing on faulty
// keyboard
static string faultyKeyboard(string str,
                             char ch)
{
 
  // Stores the status of
  // Caps Lock
  bool CapsLockOn = false;
 
  int i = 0;
  // Traverse over the string
  while (i < str.Length)
  {
    // If ch is lower case
    if (str[i] == ch ||
        str[i] == (char)(ch + 32))
    {
      // Toggle the caps lock
      CapsLockOn = !CapsLockOn;
 
      // Delete i-th character
      str = str.Substring(0, i) +
            str.Substring(i + 1);
       
      continue;
    }
 
    // If ch is upper case
    else if (str[i] == ch ||
             str[i] == (char)(ch + 32))
    {
      // Toggle the caps lock
      CapsLockOn = !CapsLockOn;
 
      // Delete i-th character
      str = str.Substring(0, i) +
            str.Substring(i + 1);
 
      continue;
    }
 
    // If CapsLockOn is true
    else if (CapsLockOn)
    {
      if (str[i] >= 'a' &&
          str[i] <= 'z')
      {
        // Convert the lower case
        // character to upper case
        char c = (char)(str[i] - 32);
        str = str.Substring(0, i) + c +
              str.Substring(i + 1);
      }
      else if (str[i] >= 'A' &&
               str[i] <= 'Z')
      {
        // Convert the upper case
        // character to lower case
        char c = (char)(str[i] + 32);
        str = str.Substring(0, i) + c +
              str.Substring(i + 1);
      }
    }
 
    // Increment for next
    // iteration
    i++;
  }
 
  // Return the resultant
  // string
  return str;
}
 
// Driver Code
public static void Main()
{
  // Given string str
  string str = "This keyboard is faulty.";
 
  char ch = 'a';
 
  // Function Call
  Console.Write(faultyKeyboard(str, ch));
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by Chitranayal

Javascript

// Javascript program for the above approach
 
// Function to return the updated string
// after typing on faulty keyboard
function faultyKeyboard(str,ch)
{
 
    // Stores the status of Caps Lock
    let CapsLockOn = false;
    let i = 0;
  
    // Traverse over the string
    while (i < str.length)
    {
          
        // If ch is lower case
        if (str[i] == ch ||
            str[i] == String.fromCharCode(ch.charCodeAt(0) + 32))
        {
              
            // Toggle the caps lock
            CapsLockOn = !CapsLockOn;
  
            // Delete i-th character
            str = str.substring(0, i) +
                  str.substring(i + 1);
                    
           // str.replace(str.charAt(i),'');
  
            continue;
        }
  
        // If ch is upper case
        else if (str[i] == ch ||
                 str[i] == String.fromCharCode(ch.charCodeAt(0) + 32))
        {
              
            // Toggle the caps lock
            CapsLockOn = !CapsLockOn;
  
            // Delete i-th character
           str = str.substring(0, i) +
                 str.substring(i + 1);
           // str.replace(str.charAt(i),'');
  
            continue;
        }
  
        // If CapsLockOn is true
        else if (CapsLockOn)
        {
            if (str[i] >='a' &&
                str[i] <= 'z')
            {
                  
                // Convert the lower case
                // character to upper case
                let c = str[i].toUpperCase();
                str = str.substring(0, i) + c +
                      str.substring(i + 1);
                        
                // str = str.replace(str.charAt(i),
                // Character.toUpperCase(str.charAt(i)));
            }
            else
            {
                  
                // Convert the upper case
                // character to lower case
                let c = str[i].toLowerCase();
                str = str.substring(0, i) + c +
                      str.substring(i + 1);
                        
               // str = str.replace(str.charAt(i),
               // Character.toLowerCase(str.charAt(i)));
            }
        }
  
        // Increment for next iteration
        i++;
    }
  
    // Return the resultant string
    return str;
}
 
// Driver Code
 
// Given string str
let str = "This keyboard is faulty.";
let ch = 'a';
 
// Function Call
document.write(faultyKeyboard(str, ch));
 
// This code is contributed by rag2127

输出：

This keyboRD IS Fulty.

时间复杂度： O(N)
辅助空间： O(1)

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