Python|使用openpyxl模块在excel表格中绘制图表|套装 – 2

先决条件： Python |使用openpyxl模块在excel表格中绘制图表|套装 – 1

Openpyxl是一个Python库，使用它可以对 excel 文件执行多种操作，例如读取、写入、算术运算和绘图。

图表由至少一系列的一个或多个数据点组成。系列本身由对单元格范围的引用组成。让我们看看如何使用 openpyxl 在 Excel 工作表上绘制散点图、气泡图、饼图、3D 饼图。

为了在 Excel 表上绘制图表，首先，创建特定图表类（即 ScatterChart、PieChart 等）的图表对象。创建图表对象后，在其中插入数据，最后，将该图表对象添加到工作表对象中。让我们看看如何使用实时数据绘制不同的图表。

代码 #1：绘制气泡图。

气泡图类似于散点图，但使用第三维来确定气泡的大小。图表可以包括多个系列。

要在 Excel 工作表上绘制气泡图，请使用 openpyxl.chart 子模块中的BubbleChart class 。

# import openpyxl module
import openpyxl
  
# import BubbleChart, Reference, Series class
# from openpyxl.chart sub_module
from openpyxl.chart import BubbleChart, Reference, Series
  
# Call a Workbook() function of openpyxl 
# to create a new blank Workbook object
wb = openpyxl.Workbook()
  
# Get workbook active sheet 
# from the active attribute.
sheet = wb.active
  
rows = [
    ("Number of Products", "Sales in USD", "Market share"),
    (14, 12200, 15),
    (20, 60000, 33),
    (18, 24400, 10),
    (22, 32000, 42),
]
  
# write content of each row in 1st, 2nd and 3rd
# column of the active sheet respectively.
for row in rows:
    sheet.append(row)
  
# Create object of BubbleChart class
chart = BubbleChart()
  
# create data for plotting
xvalues = Reference(sheet, min_col = 1,
                    min_row = 2, max_row = 5)
                      
yvalues = Reference(sheet, min_col = 2,
                    min_row = 2, max_row = 5)
                      
size = Reference(sheet, min_col = 3,
                min_row = 2, max_row = 5)
  
# create a 1st series of data
series = Series(values = yvalues, xvalues = xvalues,
                      zvalues = size, title ="2013")
  
# add series data to the chart object
chart.series.append(series)
  
# set the title of the chart
chart.title = " BUBBLE-CHART "
  
# set the title of the x-axis
chart.x_axis.title = " X_AXIS "
  
# set the title of the y-axis
chart.y_axis.title = " Y_AXIS "
  
# add chart to the sheet
# the top-left corner of a chart
# is anchored to cell E2 .
sheet.add_chart(chart, "E2")
  
# save the file
wb.save("bubbleChart.xlsx")

输出：
代码 #2 ：绘制散点图

散点图或 xy 图类似于某些折线图。要在 Excel 工作表上绘制散点图，请使用 openpyxl.chart 子模块中的 ScatterChart 类。

# import openpyxl module
import openpyxl
  
# import ScatterChart, Reference, Series
# class from openpyxl.chart sub_module
from openpyxl.chart import ScatterChart, Reference, Series
  
# Call a Workbook() function of openpyxl 
# to create a new blank Workbook object
wb = openpyxl.Workbook()
  
# Get workbook active sheet 
# from the active attribute.
sheet = wb.active
  
rows = [
    ("Number of Products", "Sales in USD", "Market share"),
    (14, 12200, 15),
    (20, 60000, 33),
    (18, 24400, 10),
    (22, 32000, 42),
]
  
# write content of each row in 1st, 2nd and 3rd
# column of the active sheet respectively .
for row in rows:
    sheet.append(row)
  
# Create object of ScatterChart class
chart = ScatterChart()
  
# create data for plotting
xvalues = Reference(sheet, min_col = 1,
                    min_row = 2, max_row = 5)
                      
yvalues = Reference(sheet, min_col = 2,
                    min_row = 2, max_row = 5)
                      
size = Reference(sheet, min_col = 3,
                 min_row = 2, max_row = 5)
  
# create a 1st series of data
series = Series(values = yvalues, xvalues = xvalues,
                      zvalues = size, title ="2013")
  
# add series data to the chart object
chart.series.append(series)
  
# set the title of the chart
chart.title = " SCATTER-CHART "
  
# set the title of the x-axis
chart.x_axis.title = " X_AXIS "
  
# set the title of the y-axis
chart.y_axis.title = " Y_AXIS "
  
# add chart to the sheet
# the top-left corner of a chart
# is anchored to cell E2 .
sheet.add_chart(chart, "E2")
  
# save the file
wb.save(" ScatterChart.xlsx")

输出：
代码 #3 ：绘制饼图

饼图将数据绘制为圆形切片，每个切片代表整体的百分比。切片按顺时针方向绘制，0° 位于圆的顶部。饼图只能获取单个系列的数据。

要在 Excel 工作表上绘制饼图，请使用 openpyxl.chart 子模块中的 PieChart 类。

# import openpyxl module
import openpyxl
  
# import PieChart, Reference class
# from openpyxl.chart sub_module
from openpyxl.chart import PieChart, Reference
  
# Call a Workbook() function of openpyxl 
# to create a new blank Workbook object
wb = openpyxl.Workbook()
  
# Get workbook active sheet 
# from the active attribute.
sheet = wb.active
  
datas = [
    ['Pie', 'Sold'],
    ['Apple', 50],
    ['Cherry', 30],
    ['Pumpkin', 10],
    ['Chocolate', 40],
]
  
# write content of each row in 1st, 2nd and 3rd
# column of the active sheet respectively .
for row in datas:
    sheet.append(row)
  
# Create object of PieChart class
chart = PieChart()
  
# create data for plotting
labels = Reference(sheet, min_col = 1,
                   min_row = 2, max_row = 5)
                     
data = Reference(sheet, min_col = 2,
                   min_row = 1, max_row = 5)
  
# adding data to the Pie chart object
chart.add_data(data, titles_from_data = True)
  
# set labels in the chart object
chart.set_categories(labels)
  
# set the title of the chart
chart.title = " PIE-CHART "
  
# add chart to the sheet
# the top-left corner of a chart
# is anchored to cell E2 .
sheet.add_chart(chart, "E2")
  
# save the file
wb.save(" PieChart.xlsx")

输出：
代码 #4 ：绘制条形图

要在 Excel 工作表上绘制 3D 饼图，请使用 openpyxl.chart 子模块中的 PieChart3D 类。

# import openpyxl module
import openpyxl
  
# import PieChart3D, Reference class
# from openpyxl.chart sub_module
from openpyxl.chart import PieChart3D, Reference
  
# Call a Workbook() function of openpyxl 
# to create a new blank Workbook object
wb = openpyxl.Workbook()
  
# Get workbook active sheet 
# from the active attribute.
sheet = wb.active
  
datas = [
    ['Pie', 'Sold'],
    ['Apple', 50],
    ['Cherry', 30],
    ['Pumpkin', 10],
    ['Chocolate', 40],
]
  
# write content of each row in 1st, 2nd and 3rd
# column of the active sheet respectively .
for row in datas:
    sheet.append(row)
  
# Create object of PiChart3D class
chart = PieChart3D()
  
# create data for plotting
labels = Reference(sheet, min_col = 1,
                   min_row = 2, max_row = 5)
data = Reference(sheet, min_col = 2,
                   min_row = 1, max_row = 5)
  
# adding data to the Pie chart object
chart.add_data(data, titles_from_data = True)
  
# set labels in the chart object
chart.set_categories(labels)
  
# set the title of the chart
chart.title = " 3DPIE-CHART "
  
# add chart to the sheet
# the top-left corner of a chart
# is anchored to cell E2 .
sheet.add_chart(chart, "E2")
  
# save the file
wb.save(" 3DPieChart.xlsx")

输出：