Python - 提取相对差异大于 K 的元素

给定一个数字列表，任务是编写一个Python程序来提取所有具有当前大于 K 的下一个和上一个元素的差异的数字。

Input : test_list = [2, 7, 4, 1, 9, 2, 3, 10, 1, 5], K = 4

Output : [9, 10]

Explanation : 9 has 1 as preceding element and 2 as succeeding. 8 and 7 are its difference respectively which are greater than 4.

Input : test_list = [2, 7, 4, 1, 9, 2], K = 4

Output : [9]

Explanation : 9 has 1 as preceding element and 2 as succeeding. 8 and 7 are its difference respectively which are greater than 4.

方法#1：使用循环

在此，我们使用蛮力检查下一个或前一个元素是否具有小于 K 差的元素并忽略它们。循环用于所有元素的迭代。

Python3

# Python3 code to demonstrate working of
# Extract element with relative difference 
# greater than K Using loop
  
# initializing list
test_list = [2, 7, 4, 1, 9, 2, 3, 10, 1, 5]
  
# printing original list
print("The original list is : " + str(test_list))
  
# initializing K
K = 4
  
res = []
for idx in range(1, len(test_list)):
  
    # using abs to get absolute difference
    if abs(test_list[idx - 1] - test_list[idx]) > K\
            and abs(test_list[idx + 1] - test_list[idx]) > K:
        res.append(test_list[idx])
  
# printing result
print("The extracted difference elements : " + str(res))

输出：

The original list is : [2, 7, 4, 1, 9, 2, 3, 10, 1, 5]
The extracted difference elements : [9, 10]

方法#2：使用列表理解

这与上述方法类似，区别仅在于使用列表理解来解决问题的速记。

蟒蛇3

# Python3 code to demonstrate working of
# Extract element with relative difference
# greater than K Using list comprehension
  
# initializing list
test_list = [2, 7, 4, 1, 9, 2, 3, 10, 1, 5]
  
# printing original list
print("The original list is : " + str(test_list))
  
# initializing K
K = 4
  
# using abs to get absolute difference
# list comprehension provides shorthand
res = [test_list[idx] for idx in range(
  1, len(test_list)) if abs(test_list[idx - 1] - test_list[idx]) > K
       and abs(test_list[idx + 1] - test_list[idx]) > K]
  
# printing result
print("The extracted difference elements : " + str(res))

输出：

The original list is : [2, 7, 4, 1, 9, 2, 3, 10, 1, 5]
The extracted difference elements : [9, 10]