📜  Python中的关键字|设置 2

📅  最后修改于: 2022-05-13 01:54:43.472000             🧑  作者: Mango

Python中的关键字|设置 2

Python关键字 - 简介
Python中的关键字|设置 1

更多关键词:
16. try : 这个关键字用于异常处理用于捕捉代码中使用关键字except的错误。检查“try”块中的代码,如果有任何类型的错误,除了块被执行。

17. except :如上所述,这与“try”一起使用以捕获异常。

18. raise :也用于异常处理以显式地引发异常。

19. finally :无论“try”块的结果是什么,被称为“finally”的块总是被执行。详细文章Python中的异常处理

20. for :这个关键字用于控制流和for循环。

21. while :有类似“for”的作用,用于控制流和for循环。

22. pass :是Python中的null语句。遇到这种情况时没有任何反应。这用于防止缩进错误并用作占位符
详细文章 – for, while, pass

23. import :该语句用于将特定模块包含到当前程序中。

24. from :一般与import一起使用,from用于从导入的模块中导入特定的功能。

25. as :该关键字用于为导入的模块创建别名。即给导入的模块一个新名称。例如,将数学导入为 mymath。
详细文章 - 进口,来自和作为

26. lambda : 这个关键字用于制作内联返回函数,内部不允许使用任何语句。详细文章——map、filter、lambda

27.return :这个关键字用来从函数中返回。详细文章 – Python中的返回值。

28.yield :这个关键字和return语句一样使用,但是用来返回一个生成器。详细文章——yield关键字

29. with :这个关键字用于将代码块的执行包装在上下文管理器定义的方法中。这个关键字在日常编程中使用得不多。

30. in :该关键字用于检查容器是否包含值。该关键字也用于循环容器。

31. is : 该关键字用于测试对象身份,即检查两个对象是否占用相同的内存位置。

Python
# Python code to demonstrate working of
# in and is
 
# using "in" to check
if 's' in 'geeksforgeeks':
       print ("s is part of geeksforgeeks")
else : print ("s is not part of geeksforgeeks")
 
# using "in" to loop through
for i in 'geeksforgeeks':
    print (i,end=" ")
 
print ("\r")
     
# using is to check object identity
# string is immutable( cannot be changed once allocated)
# hence occupy same memory location
print (' ' is ' ')
 
# using is to check object identity
# dictionary is mutable( can be changed once allocated)
# hence occupy different memory location
print ({} is {})


Python
# Python code to demonstrate working of
# global and non local
 
#initializing variable globally
a = 10
 
# used to read the variable
def read():
    print (a)
 
# changing the value of globally defined variable
def mod1():
    global a
    a = 5
 
# changing value of only local variable
def mod2():
    a = 15
 
# reading initial value of a
# prints 10
read()
 
# calling mod 1 function to modify value
# modifies value of global a to 5
mod1()
 
# reading modified value
# prints 5
read()
 
# calling mod 2 function to modify value
# modifies value of local a to 15, doesn't effect global value
mod2()
 
# reading modified value
# again prints 5
read()
 
# demonstrating non local
# inner loop changing the value of outer a
# prints 10
print ("Value of a using nonlocal is : ",end="")
def outer():
    a = 5
    def inner():
        nonlocal a
        a = 10
    inner()
    print (a)
 
outer()
 
# demonstrating without non local
# inner loop not changing the value of outer a
# prints 5
print ("Value of a without using nonlocal is : ",end="")
def outer():
    a = 5
    def inner():
        a = 10
    inner()
    print (a)
 
outer()


输出:

s is part of geeksforgeeks
g e e k s f o r g e e k s 
True
False

32. global :该关键字用于定义函数内部的变量为全局范围。

33. non-local : 这个关键字的作用类似于 global,但不是 global,这个关键字声明一个变量来指向外部封闭函数的变量,在嵌套函数的情况下。

Python

# Python code to demonstrate working of
# global and non local
 
#initializing variable globally
a = 10
 
# used to read the variable
def read():
    print (a)
 
# changing the value of globally defined variable
def mod1():
    global a
    a = 5
 
# changing value of only local variable
def mod2():
    a = 15
 
# reading initial value of a
# prints 10
read()
 
# calling mod 1 function to modify value
# modifies value of global a to 5
mod1()
 
# reading modified value
# prints 5
read()
 
# calling mod 2 function to modify value
# modifies value of local a to 15, doesn't effect global value
mod2()
 
# reading modified value
# again prints 5
read()
 
# demonstrating non local
# inner loop changing the value of outer a
# prints 10
print ("Value of a using nonlocal is : ",end="")
def outer():
    a = 5
    def inner():
        nonlocal a
        a = 10
    inner()
    print (a)
 
outer()
 
# demonstrating without non local
# inner loop not changing the value of outer a
# prints 5
print ("Value of a without using nonlocal is : ",end="")
def outer():
    a = 5
    def inner():
        a = 10
    inner()
    print (a)
 
outer()

输出:

10
5
5
Value of a using nonlocal is : 10
Value of a without using nonlocal is : 5