📜  R – 饼图

📅  最后修改于: 2022-05-13 01:55:44.902000             🧑  作者: Mango

R – 饼图

饼图是一个圆形的统计图形,它被分成多个切片来说明数字比例。它描绘了一个使用“饼图”的特殊图表,其中每个扇区显示数据的相对大小。圆形图以半径的形式切割成描述相对频率或幅度的段,也称为圆形图。

R – 饼图

R 编程语言使用函数pie()创建饼图。它将正数作为向量输入。

创建一个简单的饼图

要创建一个简单的饼图:

  • 通过使用上述参数,我们可以绘制一个饼图。
  • 可以通过给出简单的标签来描述。

例子:

R
# Create data for the graph.
geeks<- c(23, 56, 20, 63)
labels <- c("Mumbai", "Pune", "Chennai", "Bangalore")
 
# Plot the chart.
pie(geeks, labels)


R
# Create data for the graph.
geeks<- c(23, 56, 20, 63)
labels <- c("Mumbai", "Pune", "Chennai", "Bangalore")
 
# Plot the chart with title and rainbow
# color pallet.
pie(geeks, labels, main = "City pie chart",
            col = rainbow(length(geeks)))


R
# Create data for the graph.
geeks <- c(23, 56, 20, 63)
labels <- c("Mumbai", "Pune", "Chennai", "Bangalore")
 
piepercent<- round(100 * geeks / sum(geeks), 1)
 
# Plot the chart.
pie(geeks, labels = piepercent,
    main = "City pie chart", col = rainbow(length(geeks)))
legend("topright", c("Mumbai", "Pune", "Chennai", "Bangalore"),
                    cex = 0.5, fill = rainbow(length(geeks)))


R
# Get the library.
library(plotrix)
 
# Create data for the graph.
geeks <- c(23, 56, 20, 63)
labels <- c("Mumbai", "Pune", "Chennai", "Bangalore")
 
piepercent<- round(100 * geeks / sum(geeks), 1)
 
# Plot the chart.
pie3D(geeks, labels = piepercent,
    main = "City pie chart", col = rainbow(length(geeks)))
legend("topright", c("Mumbai", "Pune", "Chennai", "Bangalore"),
                    cex = 0.5, fill = rainbow(length(geeks)))


输出:

饼图,包括标题和颜色

创建颜色和标题饼图。

  • 通过为图表提供标题并添加标签来获取制作饼图所需的所有参数。
  • 我们可以通过向点添加更多具有更多颜色的参数来添加更多特征。

例子:

R

# Create data for the graph.
geeks<- c(23, 56, 20, 63)
labels <- c("Mumbai", "Pune", "Chennai", "Bangalore")
 
# Plot the chart with title and rainbow
# color pallet.
pie(geeks, labels, main = "City pie chart",
            col = rainbow(length(geeks)))

输出:

切片百分比和图表图例

要创建图表图例和切片百分比,我们可以通过以下方法进行绘制。

  • 饼图还有两个属性:
    • 切片百分比
    • 图表图例。
  • 我们可以以百分比的形式显示图表,也可以添加图例。

例子:

R

# Create data for the graph.
geeks <- c(23, 56, 20, 63)
labels <- c("Mumbai", "Pune", "Chennai", "Bangalore")
 
piepercent<- round(100 * geeks / sum(geeks), 1)
 
# Plot the chart.
pie(geeks, labels = piepercent,
    main = "City pie chart", col = rainbow(length(geeks)))
legend("topright", c("Mumbai", "Pune", "Chennai", "Bangalore"),
                    cex = 0.5, fill = rainbow(length(geeks)))

输出:

3D 饼图

在这里,我们将使用 plotrix 包创建一个 3D 饼图,然后我们将使用 pie3D()函数绘制 3D 图。

R

# Get the library.
library(plotrix)
 
# Create data for the graph.
geeks <- c(23, 56, 20, 63)
labels <- c("Mumbai", "Pune", "Chennai", "Bangalore")
 
piepercent<- round(100 * geeks / sum(geeks), 1)
 
# Plot the chart.
pie3D(geeks, labels = piepercent,
    main = "City pie chart", col = rainbow(length(geeks)))
legend("topright", c("Mumbai", "Pune", "Chennai", "Bangalore"),
                    cex = 0.5, fill = rainbow(length(geeks)))

输出: