📜  Java中的 ConcurrentHashMap computeIfAbsent() 方法及示例

📅  最后修改于: 2022-05-13 01:54:19.975000             🧑  作者: Mango

Java中的 ConcurrentHashMap computeIfAbsent() 方法及示例

ConcurrentHashMap 类computeIfAbsent(Key, 函数)方法,如果 key尚未与某个值关联(或映射到 null),则尝试使用给定的映射函数计算其值,并在映射中输入该计算值 else null .

  • 如果该方法的映射函数返回null,则map中的新键不记录值。
  • 此方法用于自动更新 ConcurrentHashMap 中给定键的值。
  • 如果重映射函数抛出异常,则重新抛出异常,并记录无映射。
  • 在计算过程中,不允许使用此方法修改此映射,因为其他线程也可以使用此映射。

句法:

public V 
       computeIfAbsent(K key,
             Function remappingFunction)

参数:此方法接受两个参数:

  • key :与值关联的键。
  • remappingFunction : 对值进行操作的函数。

返回:此方法返回与指定键关联的当前(现有或计算)值,如果映射返回 null ,则返回 null
异常:此方法抛出:

  • NullPointerException:如果指定的键或 remappingFunction 为空。
  • llegalStateException:如果计算尝试对此地图进行递归更新,否则将永远不会完成。
  • RuntimeException:如果 remappingFunction 这样做,在这种情况下映射不会改变。

下面的程序说明了 computeIfAbsent(Key, 函数) 方法:
方案一:

Java
// Java program to demonstrate
// computeIfAbsent(Key, Function) method.
 
import java.util.concurrent.*;
 
public class GFG {
 
    // Main method
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
 
        // create a ConcurrentHashMap and
        // add some values
        ConcurrentHashMap map
            = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
        map.put("Pencil", 1000);
        map.put("Laptop", 55000);
        map.put("Clothes", 4400);
        map.put("Mobile", 5300);
 
        // print map details
        System.out.println("ConcurrentHashMap :\n "
                           + map.toString());
 
        // provide value for new key which is absent
        // using computeIfAbsent method
        map.computeIfAbsent("PC", k -> 60000);
        map.computeIfAbsent("Charger", k -> 800);
 
        // print new mapping
        System.out.println("new ConcurrentHashMap :\n "
                           + map);
    }
}


Java
// Java program to demonstrate
// computeIfAbsent(Key, Function) method.
 
import java.util.concurrent.*;
 
public class GFG {
 
    // Main method
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
 
        // create a ConcurrentHashMap and
        // add some values
        ConcurrentHashMap map
            = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
        map.put(1, "1000RS");
        map.put(2, "5009RS");
        map.put(3, "1300RS");
 
        // print map details
        System.out.println("ConcurrentHashMap : \n"
                           + map.toString());
 
        // provide value for new key which is absent
        // using computeIfAbsent method
        map.computeIfAbsent(4, k -> "6000RS");
 
        // this will not effect anything
        // because key 1 is present
        map.computeIfAbsent(1, k -> "8000RS");
 
        // print new mapping
        System.out.println("new ConcurrentHashMap :\n"
                           + map);
    }
}


Java
// Java program to demonstrate NullPointerException of
// computeIfAbsent(Key, Function) method.
 
import java.util.concurrent.*;
 
public class GFG {
 
    // Main method
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
 
        // create a ConcurrentHashMap and
        // add some values
        ConcurrentHashMap map
            = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
        map.put("Pencil", 1000);
        map.put("Laptop", 55000);
        map.put("Clothes", 4400);
        map.put("Mobile", 5300);
 
        try {
 
            // provide value for new key which is absent
            // using computeIfAbsent method
            map.computeIfAbsent(null, k -> 60000);
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
 
            // print new mapping
            System.out.println("Exception: "
                               + e);
        }
    }
}


输出:
ConcurrentHashMap :
 {Laptop=55000, Clothes=4400, Pencil=1000, Mobile=5300}
new ConcurrentHashMap :
 {Laptop=55000, PC=60000, Clothes=4400, Pencil=1000, Charger=800, Mobile=5300}

方案二:

Java

// Java program to demonstrate
// computeIfAbsent(Key, Function) method.
 
import java.util.concurrent.*;
 
public class GFG {
 
    // Main method
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
 
        // create a ConcurrentHashMap and
        // add some values
        ConcurrentHashMap map
            = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
        map.put(1, "1000RS");
        map.put(2, "5009RS");
        map.put(3, "1300RS");
 
        // print map details
        System.out.println("ConcurrentHashMap : \n"
                           + map.toString());
 
        // provide value for new key which is absent
        // using computeIfAbsent method
        map.computeIfAbsent(4, k -> "6000RS");
 
        // this will not effect anything
        // because key 1 is present
        map.computeIfAbsent(1, k -> "8000RS");
 
        // print new mapping
        System.out.println("new ConcurrentHashMap :\n"
                           + map);
    }
}
输出:
ConcurrentHashMap : 
{1=1000RS, 2=5009RS, 3=1300RS}
new ConcurrentHashMap :
{1=1000RS, 2=5009RS, 3=1300RS, 4=6000RS}

程序 3:显示 NullPointerException

Java

// Java program to demonstrate NullPointerException of
// computeIfAbsent(Key, Function) method.
 
import java.util.concurrent.*;
 
public class GFG {
 
    // Main method
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
 
        // create a ConcurrentHashMap and
        // add some values
        ConcurrentHashMap map
            = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
        map.put("Pencil", 1000);
        map.put("Laptop", 55000);
        map.put("Clothes", 4400);
        map.put("Mobile", 5300);
 
        try {
 
            // provide value for new key which is absent
            // using computeIfAbsent method
            map.computeIfAbsent(null, k -> 60000);
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
 
            // print new mapping
            System.out.println("Exception: "
                               + e);
        }
    }
}
输出:
Exception: java.lang.NullPointerException

参考:https: Java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap.html#computeIfAbsent-K-java.util。函数。函数-