Python|假期图书馆

Python Holidays 库是一个高效的库，用于尽可能快速灵活地确定特定日期是否为假期。对于任何一个国家，人们都可以知道那一天是否是假期。只能检测到圣诞节、新年等固定日期（公共）假期。

安装：

pip install holidays

句法：

holidays.HolidayBase(years=[], expand=True, observed=True, prov=None, state=None)

编程需要懂一点英语

参数：

years : An iterable list of integers specifying the years that the Holiday object should pre-generate. This would generally only be used if setting expand to False. (Default[])

expand : A boolean value which specifies whether or not to append holidays in new years to the holidays object. (Default: True)

observed : A boolean value which when set to True will include the observed day of a holiday that falls on a weekend, when appropriate. (Default: True)

prov : A string specifying a province that has unique statutory holidays. (Default: Australia=’ACT’, Canada=’ON’, NewZealand=None)

state : A string specifying a state that has unique statutory holidays. (Default: UnitedStates=None)

编程需要懂一点英语

方法：

get(key, default=None)：返回一个字符串，其中包含日期键中的假期名称，可以是日期、日期时间、字符串、unicode、字节、整数或浮点类型。如果多个假期在同一日期，名称将用逗号分隔。
get_list(key)：与 get 相同，除了返回假日名称列表而不是逗号分隔的字符串。
pop(key, default=None):与get相同，除了从假期对象更新/追加中删除键。接受 {date: name} 对的字典、日期列表，甚至是单数日期/字符串/时间戳对象，并将它们添加到假期列表中。

代码 #1：对于特定国家和年份，显示所有假期。

from datetime import date
import holidays
  
# Select country
uk_holidays = holidays.UnitedKingdom()
  
# Print all the holidays in UnitedKingdom in year 2018
for ptr in holidays.UnitedKingdom(years = 2018).items():
    print(ptr)

输出：

(datetime.date(2018, 1, 1), "New Year's Day")
(datetime.date(2018, 1, 2), 'New Year Holiday [Scotland]')
(datetime.date(2018, 3, 17), "St. Patrick's Day [Northern Ireland]")
(datetime.date(2018, 3, 19), "St. Patrick's Day [Northern Ireland] (Observed)")
(datetime.date(2018, 3, 30), 'Good Friday')
(datetime.date(2018, 4, 2), 'Easter Monday [England, Wales, Northern Ireland]')
(datetime.date(2018, 5, 7), 'May Day')
(datetime.date(2018, 5, 28), 'Spring Bank Holiday')
(datetime.date(2018, 7, 12), 'Battle of the Boyne [Northern Ireland]')
(datetime.date(2018, 8, 6), 'Summer Bank Holiday [Scotland]')
(datetime.date(2018, 8, 27), 'Late Summer Bank Holiday [England, Wales, Northern Ireland]')
(datetime.date(2018, 11, 30), "St. Andrew's Day [Scotland]")
(datetime.date(2018, 12, 25), 'Christmas Day')
(datetime.date(2018, 12, 26), 'Boxing Day')

代码#2：检查给定日期是否为假期

from datetime import date
import holidays
  
# Select country
uk_holidays = holidays.UnitedKingdom()
  
# If it is a holidays then it returns True else False
print('01-01-2018' in uk_holidays)
print('02-01-2018' in uk_holidays)
  
# What holidays is it?
print(uk_holidays.get('01-01-2018'))
print(uk_holidays.get('02-01-2018'))

输出：

True
False
New Year's Day
None

代码#3：北美假期

from datetime import date
import holidays
  
# Combining Countries
north_america = holidays.CA() + holidays.US() + holidays.MX()
# Output list of countries combined
print(north_america.country)
  
print(north_america.get('07-01-2018'))
print(north_america.get('07-04-2018'))

输出：

['CA', 'US', 'MX']
Canada Day
Independence Day

假日图书馆中包含的国家列表 -

Country	Abbr	Provinces/States Available
Argentina	AR	None
Australia	AU	prov = ACT (default), NSW, NT, QLD, SA, TAS, VIC, WA
Austria	AT	prov = B, K, N, O, S, ST, T, V, W (default)
Belgium	BE	None
Canada	CA	prov = AB, BC, MB, NB, NL, NS, NT, NU, ON (default), PE, QC, SK, YU
Colombia	CO	None
Czech	CZ	None
Denmark	DK	None
England		None
EuropeanCentralBank	ECB,TAR	Trans-European Automated Real-time Gross Settlement (TARGET2)
Finland	FI	None
France	FRA	Métropole (default), Alsace-Moselle, Guadeloupe, Guyane, Martinique, Mayotte, Nouvelle-Calédonie, La Réunion, Polynésie Française, Saint-Barthélémy, Saint-Martin, Wallis-et-Futuna
Germany	DE	BW, BY, BE, BB, HB, HH, HE, MV, NI, NW, RP, SL, SN, ST, SH, TH
Hungary	HU	None
Ireland		IE
Isle of Man		None
Italy	IT	prov = MI, RM
Japan	JP	None
Mexico	MX	None
Netherlands	NL	None
NewZealand	NZ	prov = NTL, AUK, TKI, HKB, WGN, MBH, NSN, CAN, STC, WTL, OTA, STL, CIT
Northern Ireland		None
Norway	NO	None
Polish	PL	None
Portugal	PT	None
PortugalExt	PTE	Portugal plus extended days most people have off
Scotland		None
Slovenia	SI	None
Slovakia	SK	None
South Africa	ZA	None
Spain	ES	prov = AND, ARG, AST, CAN, CAM, CAL, CAT, CVA, EXT, GAL, IBA, ICA, MAD, MUR, NAV, PVA, RIO
Sweden	SE	None
Switzerland	CH	prov = AG, AR, AI, BL, BS, BE, FR, GE, GL, GR, JU, LU, NE, NW, OW, SG, SH, SZ, SO, TG, TI, UR, VD, VS, ZG, ZH
UnitedKingdom	UK	None
UnitedStates	US	state = AL, AK, AS, AZ, AR, CA, CO, CT, DE, DC, FL, GA, GU, HI, ID, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, LA, ME, MD, MH, MA, MI, FM, MN, MS, MO, MT, NE, NV, NH, NJ, NM, NY, NC, ND, MP, OH, OK, OR, PW, PA, PR, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VT, VA, VI, WA, WV, WI, WY
Wales		None

在这个图书馆里，很多国家都不见了。因此，我们可以制作自己的自定义假期。

代码 #4：为印度添加自定义假期

from datetime import date
import holidays
  
in_holidays = holidays.HolidayBase()
  
# Let's check our republic day
print('26-01-2019' in in_holidays)
  
# Add Holiday without description
in_holidays.append('26-01-2019')
  
# Let's verify
print('26-01-2019' in in_holidays) # True
  
# Let's Check Description
print(in_holidays.get('26-01-2019'))
  
# Add Holiday with description
in_holidays.append({'26-01-2019':'Republic Day India'})
print(in_holidays.get('26-01-2019'))
  
  
# Add list of Dates Together
in_holidays.append(['02-10-2018', '15-08-2018'])
print('15-08-2018' in in_holidays) # True
print('02-10-2018' in in_holidays) # True
  
# a single date item
in_holidays.append(date(2018, 12, 25))
print('25-12-2018' in in_holidays) # True

输出：

False 
True 
Holiday 
Republic Day India, Holiday
True 
True 
True

参考： https://pypi.org/project/holidays/