📜  Flutter和Xamarin之间的区别

📅  最后修改于: 2021-01-02 05:34:06             🧑  作者: Mango

Flutter和Xamarin之间的区别

对移动应用程序的需求正在逐日增加。因此,开发人员已经搜索了一个快速的框架来构建应用程序。许多开发人员已开始使用跨平台功能来制作快速的应用程序,该应用程序提供了许多功能来设计电子商务应用程序,交互式应用程序和社交应用程序。

在本节中,我们将比较Flutter和Xamarin之间的差异,这有助于我们确定哪种框架最适合我们的应用程序创意。在进行比较之前,我们将简要讨论这些技术。

什么是Xamarin?

Windows开源,跨平台移动开发应用程序。它是管理共享代码与平台代码之间的通信的抽象层。它允许开发人员编写一次代码,并且可以在任何地方重用它,并在每个平台上实现本机性能,外观等。

Xamarin是一家软件公司,成立于2011年,现在于2016年被Microsoft收购。JavaScript开发应用程序,例如使用JS库的移动应用程序网站。 Xamarin工具可通过Visual Studio轻松下载。通过下载和安装Visual Studio,我们可以使用Xamarin工具在Windows上开发应用程序,它可以是免费版本,也可以是高级许可证。

Xamarin的优点或优点

Xamarin技术的优点如下:

性能: Xamarin应用程序以具有类似本机的性能而闻名。

完整的开发生态系统: Xamarin应用是使用C#、. Net和Microsoft Visual Studio构建的,这使其成为一个完整的跨平台移动应用开发框架。

共享的应用程序逻辑:这是Xamarin的强大功能,使其成为最有用的跨平台开发工具。应用程序逻辑(例如输入验证,Web服务调用,数据库交互和后端企业集成)在C#中进行了一次编码,可以在各种操作系统之间共享75%的代码。它节省了开发人员的时间和精力。

Xamarin组件商店: Xamarin相信协作和组件共享。它允许开发人员选择包含UI控件,跨平台库和第三方Web服务的免费或付费主机组件,以使用几行代码来构建应用程序逻辑。

无缝的用户体验: Xamarin提供了本机UI的优势,对特定设备功能的访问以及最重要的是本机性能。这些功能使用户体验惊人。

Xamarin的缺点或缺点

Xamarin技术的缺点如下:

更新延迟:如果此技术中推出了新功能或更新,则这些更改通常会延迟,直到它们反映在Xamarin工具中为止。这可能会导致我们的应用出现问题。

大量图形: Xamarin不适合用于构建复杂应用程序或具有大量图形的手机游戏。

特定于平台的代码:有时,我们可能需要用本机代码重新编写应用程序中的UI的某些部分,例如Android的Kotlin或Java,以及iOS的Swift或Objective-C。

什么是flutter ?

Flutter是一个跨平台的UI工具包,它使我们能够使用Dart编程语言为移动,Web和桌面创建快速,美观,本地编译的应用程序。它使用一种编程语言和单个代码库构建应用程序。它是免费和开源的。 Google最初于2017年5月开发了它,现在通过ECMA标准进行管理。它是提供卓越的原生体验的一种日益普及的技术。

Google引入了它作为SDK(软件开发工具包)来创建适用于iOS和Android的现代移动应用程序。如果我们使用Android Studio,它将与内置Objective C和Swift集成在一起。

Flutter的优点或优点

以下列出了Flutter技术的优点:

  • 它得到了Google的支持。
  • 它支持Hot-Reload功能,从而使应用程序开发过程变得异常快速。更改后,热重载功能会立即反映出修改后的代码。
  • 由于具有跨平台功能,因此减少了测试时间和精力。此功能允许测试人员不在同一应用程序的不同平台上运行同一组测试。
  • 它具有出色的用户界面,因为它使用了以设计为中心的窗口小部件,高级开发工具,高级API和许多其他功能。
  • 它类似于反应式框架,在该框架中,开发人员无需手动更新UI内容。

flutter 的缺点或缺点

以下列出了Flutter技术的缺点:

  • 它主要支持Dart编码编程,因此开发人员需要学习新技术。
  • Flutter是一种相对较新的语言,因此没有良好的社区支持。
  • 它提供对SDK库的非常有限的访问。这意味着开发人员没有很多功能来创建移动应用程序。

Flutter与Xamarin

下面的比较表解释了Flutter和Xamarin之间的主要区别:

Parameters Flutter Xamarin
Definition Flutter is an open-source, cross-platform UI toolkit to create fast, beautiful, natively compiled applications for mobile, web, and desktop. It builds the app with one programing language and a single codebase. Xamarin is an open-source, cross-platform mobile development app for iOS, Android, and Windows. It allows the developer to write the code once and reused it everywhere.
Backed By It is backed by Google Inc. It is backed by Microsoft (from 2016).
Initial Release May 2017 December 2012
Language It uses Dart programming that was introduced by Google in 2011 to build mobile apps. It uses C# and XMAL programming language for creating applications. This language is primarily used for web development.
Installation We can use the Flutter framework by downloading the binary for a particular platform from GitHub. If we use the MacOS platform, it is required to download the flutter.zip file and add it as a PATH variable. We can create a Xamarin app by using Visual Studio IDE for installation and Xamarin SDK.
App Size Flutter app is bigger because it uses app binaries that are usually larger in size. Its binary size is relatively small, so the app is also in a smaller size.
Performance Its performance is amazing because it uses the Dart engine and hot reload feature. Its performance is slow because it has a profiler that reported performance issues.
Testing Support It has a wide variety of testing features along with a unique widget testing feature. It also supports testing at the unit and integration level. It supports various types of testing in Visual Studio, like Unit tests and UI tests. It also tests the app using third-party testing through frameworks, like Appium, XCUITest, or Expresso. It also has its own cloud testing environment.
Technical Architecture Flutter uses Dart Language, and here everything comes in the Dart engine, such as Material Design, Cupertino that provides all the necessary technologies to develop mobile apps. It also uses the Skia C++ engine that follows all the protocols, compositions, and channels. It uses the Mono execution environment for developing a cross-platform app. This execution environment runs along with Objective-C runtime and Unix kernel when we work on iOS. If we work on Android, it runs with Android Runtime.
Documentation It has well organized and more informative documentation where we can get everything that we want in one place. It has a rich set of documentation and development API to the developers. In comparison to Flutter, it supports more platforms.
Community Support Flutter is a new technology, so it does not have strong community support. However, it is advertised by Google; therefore, it would be very popular in the coming year. It has huge community support and a vast marketplace because C# is backed by Microsoft.
Hot Reload It provides support for the Hot Reload feature. It does not have a concept of a hot reload feature. But it provides loads of modules and an amazing development API that depends on the Visual Studio IDE.
User Interface Flutter has an excellent user interface in comparison to Ionic. Its user interface is not good because it renders everything in HTML and CSS.
UI Elements Widgets Native Component
Code Reusability Up to 80 % Up to 96 %
Compilation AOT and Dart VM iOS-AOT/Android-JIT & AOT
IDE Support Android Studio, Visual Studio, and IntelliJ Idea. Visual Studio, Xcode.
Platform Support It can deploy on Android, iOS. It can deploy on Android, iOS, and UWP.
Popular Apps Hamilton, Google Ads, Alibaba, Cryptograph, etc. Microsoft, UPS, Word Bank, BBC, etc.