通过填充元素将数组拆分为大小为 K 的子数组

给定一个大小为N的数组nums[ ] ，任务是使用以下过程将数组分成大小为K的组：

• 第一组由数组的前K个元素组成，第二组由数组的下K个元素组成，依此类推。每个元素都可以恰好是一个组的一部分。
• 对于最后一组，如果数组没有剩余K个元素，则使用 0完成该组。

例子：

Input: nums[ ] = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}, K = 4
Output: [[1, 2, 3, 4] [ 5, 6, 7, 8]]
Explanation:
The first 4 element [1, 2, 3, 4] form the first group.
The next 4 elements [ 5, 6, 7, 8] form the second group.
Since all groups can be completely filled by element from the array, no need to use 0.

Input: nums[ ] = {3,2,5,7,9,1,3,5,7}, K = 2
Output: [[3, 2] ,[5, 7], [9,1], [3, 5], [7, 0]]
Explanation: The last group was one short of being of size 2. So, one 0 is used.

方法：这是一个与实现相关的简单问题。请按照以下步骤解决问题：

• 维护一个代表字符串中每个组的临时向量。
• 如果索引i+1可被K整除，则可以得出结论，组已以第 i 个索引结束。
• 如果组结束，则将temp推入ans向量。
• 检查最后一组是否有大小K。
• 如果不相等，则添加K – (len+1)大小的填充，并使用 0。

下面是上述方法的实现：

C++

// C++ program for the above approach
#include 
using namespace std;
 
// Function to split the array
vector > divideArray(int nums[],
                                 int K, int N)
{
    vector > ans;
    vector temp;
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
        temp.push_back(nums[i]);
        if(((i+1)%K)==0) {
            ans.push_back(temp);
            temp.clear();
        }
    }
     // If last group doesn't have enough
    // elements then add 0 to it
    if (!temp.empty()) {
        int a = temp.size();
        while (a != K) {
            temp.push_back(0);
            a++;
        }
        ans.push_back(temp);
    }
    return ans;
}
 
// Function to print answer
void printArray(vector >& a)
{
    int n = a.size();
      cout << n;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        cout << "[ ";
        for (int j = 0; j < a[i].size(); j++)
            cout << a[i][j] << " ";     
        cout << "]";
    }
}
// Driver Code
int main()
{
    int nums[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 };
    int N = sizeof(nums) / sizeof(nums[0]);
    int K = 4;
    vector > ans
        = divideArray(nums, K, N);
    printArray(ans);
    return 0;
}

Java

// Java program for the above approach
import java.util.ArrayList;
 
class GFG {
 
  // Function to split the array
  static ArrayList> divideArray(int nums[], int K, int N) {
    ArrayList> ans = new ArrayList>();
    ArrayList temp = new ArrayList();
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
      temp.add(nums[i]);
      if (((i + 1) % K) == 0) {
        ans.add(temp);
        temp = new ArrayList();
      }
    }
    // If last group doesn't have enough
    // elements then add 0 to it
    if (temp.size() != 0) {
      int a = temp.size();
      while (a != K) {
        temp.add(0);
        a++;
      }
      ans.add(temp);
    }
    return ans;
  }
 
  // Function to print answer
  static void printArray(ArrayList> a) {
    int n = a.size();
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
      System.out.print("[ ");
      for (int j = 0; j < a.get(i).size(); j++)
        System.out.print(a.get(i).get(j) + " ");
      System.out.print("]");
    }
  }
 
  // Driver Code
  public static void main(String args[]) {
    int nums[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 };
    int N = nums.length;
    int K = 4;
    ArrayList> ans = divideArray(nums, K, N);
    printArray(ans);
  }
}
 
// This code is contributed by saurabh_jaiswal.

Python3

# python3 program for the above approach
 
# Function to split the array
def divideArray(nums, K, N):
 
    ans = []
    temp = []
    for i in range(0, N):
        temp.append(nums[i])
        if(((i+1) % K) == 0):
            ans.append(temp.copy())
            temp.clear()
 
    # If last group doesn't have enough
    # elements then add 0 to it
    if (len(temp) != 0):
        a = len(temp)
        while (a != K):
            temp.append(0)
            a += 1
 
        ans.append(temp)
 
    return ans
 
# Function to print answer
def printArray(a):
 
    n = len(a)
    for i in range(0, n):
        print("[ ", end="")
        for j in range(0, len(a[i])):
            print(a[i][j], end=" ")
        print("]", end="")
 
# Driver Code
if __name__ == "__main__":
 
    nums = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
    N = len(nums)
    K = 4
    ans = divideArray(nums, K, N)
    printArray(ans)
 
# This code is contributed by rakeshsahni

C#

// C# program for the above approach
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
class GFG
{
 
  // Function to split the array
  static List > divideArray(int[] nums, int K,
                                      int N)
  {
    List > ans = new List >();
    ;
    List temp = new List();
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
      temp.Add(nums[i]);
      if (((i + 1) % K) == 0) {
        ans.Add(temp);
        temp = new List();
      }
    }
    // If last group doesn't have enough
    // elements then add 0 to it
    if (temp.Count != 0) {
      int a = temp.Count;
      while (a != K) {
        temp.Add(0);
        a++;
      }
      ans.Add(temp);
    }
    return ans;
  }
 
  // Function to print answer
  static void printArray(List > a)
  {
    int n = a.Count;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
      Console.Write("[ ");
      for (int j = 0; j < a[i].Count; j++)
        Console.Write(a[i][j] + " ");
      Console.Write("]");
    }
  }
   
  // Driver Code
  public static int Main()
  {
    int[] nums = new int[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 };
    int N = nums.Length;
    int K = 4;
    List > ans = divideArray(nums, K, N);
    printArray(ans);
    return 0;
  }
}
 
// This code is contributed by Taranpreet

Javascript

       // JavaScript code for the above approach
 
       // Function to split the array
       function divideArray(nums, K, N) {
           let ans = [];
           let temp = [];
           for (let i = 0; i < N; i++) {
               temp.push(nums[i]);
               if (((i + 1) % K) == 0) {
                   ans.push(temp);
                   temp = [];
               }
           }
            
           // If last group doesn't have enough
           // elements then add 0 to it
           if (temp.length != 0) {
               let a = temp.length;
               while (a != K) {
                   temp.push(0);
                   a++;
               }
               ans.push(temp);
           }
           return ans;
       }
 
       // Function to print answer
       function printArray(a) {
           let n = a.length;
           for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
               document.write("[ ");
               for (let j = 0; j < a[i].length; j++)
                   document.write(a[i][j] + " ");
               document.write("]");
           }
       }
        
       // Driver Code
       let nums = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8];
       let N = nums.length;
       let K = 4;
       let ans = divideArray(nums, K, N);
       printArray(ans);
 
        // This code is contributed by Potta Lokesh
   

输出

[ 1 2 3 4 ][ 5 6 7 8 ]

时间复杂度： 在）
辅助空间： O(N)