有源矩阵LCD和无源矩阵LCD的区别

1. 无源矩阵液晶显示器：
它使用由氧化铟锡组成的垂直和水平导体网格来创建图像。每个像素由两个导体的交叉点控制。它代表 LCD 的关闭状态，即像素处于关闭状态。

2. 有源矩阵液晶显示器：
它使用以矩阵形式排列在玻璃表面上的薄膜晶体管。为了控制电压，在每个像素位置使用微小的开关晶体管和电容器。之所以这样称呼活动像素，是因为它能够控制单个像素并快速切换它们。

有源矩阵 LCD 和无源矩阵 LCD 的区别：

Sr.No.	Active Matrix LCD	Passive Matrix LCD
1.	It uses thin film transistors that are arranged in a matrix on a glass surface. To control the voltage tiny switching transistors and capacitors are used at each pixel location.	It uses grid of vertical and horizontal conductors such that the intersection of two of those conductors allows for controlling a single pixel.
2.	The primary constituent is silicon (allows for assigning one transistor for each pixel).	The primary constituent is Indium Tin Oxide (referred to as ITO).
3.	Cost is usually higher.	They are less costly.
4.	It has higher response time.	It has low response time.
5.	Used for Full Graphic Displays.	Used for segmented digits or character displays.
6	It allows the viewer much more freedom to choose his/her angle.	They are best viewed head on. When the user to either side to view screen from an oblique angle, it will cause color distortion, dimming and other problems.
7.	Refresh rates are high.	Refresh rates are low.
8.	They display higher resolution.	They display lower resolution as compared to active matrix LCD.
9.	They have the ability to create gray scale. It also offers 256 levels of brightness per pixel.	They don’t reproduce colors accurately.
10.	Active matrix LCDs are used in full-color LCD TVs monitors, cell phones etc.	They are used in calculators display or a digital wrist watch where the display contains a limited number of segment and does not require full color. They are often created for custom applications.

详细说明，无源和有源显示器也有几种类型，它们属于自己的类别。例如，无源 LCD 可能是以下类型：

• 单色 TN(扭曲向列)——这里的液晶单元不需要任何电流流过它们，并在电池提供的较低电压下自动工作。
• 单色 STN(超扭曲向列) – TN 的扩展，但增强了允许选择性波长的光通过的能力。

同时，主动显示可以进一步分类为：

• TN(扭曲向列)——注意即使是无源显示器也可能采用这种技术。
• IPS(面内切换)——只有当任何电流流过液晶时，才会发生任何 90° 排列。否则，对齐是水平的，屏幕呈现为不透明。
• SIPS(Super In-Plane Switching)– IPS 的改进版本，具有更亮的色彩和更快的响应速度。