📜  如何在Android的RecyclerView Adapter类中使用视图绑定?

📅  最后修改于: 2021-05-10 14:06:30             🧑  作者: Mango

视图绑定 是Jetpack Compose的一部分,它通过以null安全的方式替换findViewById方法来提供与类绑定的视图。在本文中,我们将在RecyclerView的Adapter类中看到其实现。请注意,我们将使用Kotlin语言实施此项目。

分步实施

步骤1:创建一个新项目

要在Android Studio中创建新项目,请参阅如何在Android Studio中创建/启动新项目。请注意,选择Kotlin作为编程语言

步骤2:添加视图绑定依赖项

转到android标签内的build.gradle(app)和以下依赖项,然后单击立即同步。

步骤3:使用activity_main.xml

转到activity_main.xml文件,并参考以下代码。以下是activity_main.xml文件的代码。它只有一个Recycler视图,我们将用它来显示我们的数据。

XML


    
    
    
    


XML


  
    
          
          
        
          
          
        
          
          
        
  
    
  


Kotlin
// this is the Language model class
class Language(
    val name : String ="",
    val exp : String =""
)


Kotlin
import android.view.LayoutInflater
import android.view.ViewGroup
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
import com.geeksforgeeks.rvadapterviewbinding.databinding.SingleItemBinding
  
class RvAdapter(
    var languageList: List,
) : RecyclerView.Adapter() {
  
    // create an inner class with name ViewHolder
    // It takes a view argument, in which pass the generated class of single_item.xml
    // ie SingleItemBinding and in the RecyclerView.ViewHolder(binding.root) pass it like this
    inner class ViewHolder(val binding: SingleItemBinding) : RecyclerView.ViewHolder(binding.root)
  
    // inside the onCreateViewHolder inflate the view of SingleItemBinding
    // and return new ViewHolder object containing this layout
    override fun onCreateViewHolder(parent: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): ViewHolder {
        val binding = SingleItemBinding
            .inflate(LayoutInflater.from(parent.context), parent, false)
  
        return ViewHolder(binding)
    }
  
    // bind the items with each item of the list languageList which than will be
    // shown in recycler view
    // to keep it simple we are not setting any image data to view
    override fun onBindViewHolder(holder: ViewHolder, position: Int) {
        with(holder){
            with(languageList[position]){
                binding.tvLangName.text = this.name
                binding.tvExp.text = this.exp
            }
        }
    }
  
    // return the size of languageList
    override fun getItemCount(): Int {
        return languageList.size
    }
}


Kotlin
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle
import com.geeksforgeeks.rvadapterviewbinding.databinding.ActivityMainBinding
  
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
  
    // view binding for the activity
    private var _binding : ActivityMainBinding? = null
    private val binding get() = _binding!!
  
    // create reference to the adapter and the list
    // in the list pass the model of Language
    private lateinit var rvAdapter: RvAdapter
    private lateinit var languageList : List
  
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        _binding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(layoutInflater)
        setContentView(binding.root)
  
        // load data to language list
        loadLanguage()
          
        // initialize the adapter, and pass the required argument
        rvAdapter = RvAdapter(languageList)
          
          // attach adapter to the recycler view
        binding.rvList.adapter = rvAdapter
    }
  
    // add items to the list manually in our case
    private fun loadLanguage() {
        languageList = listOf(
            Language("Java" , "Exp : 3 years"),
            Language("Kotlin" , "Exp : 2 years"),
            Language("Python" , "Exp : 4 years"),
            Language("JavaScript" , "Exp : 6 years"),
            Language("PHP" , "Exp : 1 years"),
            Language("CPP" , "Exp : 8 years"),
        )
    }
  
    // on destroy of view make the binding reference to null
    override fun onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy()
        _binding = null
    }
}


步骤4:创建一个新的布局文件并将其命名为single_item.xml文件

转到single_item.xml文件,并参考以下代码。以下是single_item.xml文件的代码。这是我们将在RecyclerView中使用的单个项目布局。

XML格式



  
    
          
          
        
          
          
        
          
          
        
  
    
  

步骤5:创建一个新的模型类

创建一个新的Language.kt类,我们将使用自定义通用“ Language ”的数据来传递将在回收者视图中显示的列表。

科特林

// this is the Language model class
class Language(
    val name : String ="",
    val exp : String =""
)

步骤6:使用适配器类

创建一个新的类RvAdapter.kt,它将充当回收者视图的Adapter类。使用视图绑定,我们使用布局single_item.xml的生成类(即SingleItemBinding)在我们的案例中在MainActivity.kt的回收者视图中添加数据和视图。为了更好的理解,在代码之前添加了注释。

科特林

import android.view.LayoutInflater
import android.view.ViewGroup
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
import com.geeksforgeeks.rvadapterviewbinding.databinding.SingleItemBinding
  
class RvAdapter(
    var languageList: List,
) : RecyclerView.Adapter() {
  
    // create an inner class with name ViewHolder
    // It takes a view argument, in which pass the generated class of single_item.xml
    // ie SingleItemBinding and in the RecyclerView.ViewHolder(binding.root) pass it like this
    inner class ViewHolder(val binding: SingleItemBinding) : RecyclerView.ViewHolder(binding.root)
  
    // inside the onCreateViewHolder inflate the view of SingleItemBinding
    // and return new ViewHolder object containing this layout
    override fun onCreateViewHolder(parent: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): ViewHolder {
        val binding = SingleItemBinding
            .inflate(LayoutInflater.from(parent.context), parent, false)
  
        return ViewHolder(binding)
    }
  
    // bind the items with each item of the list languageList which than will be
    // shown in recycler view
    // to keep it simple we are not setting any image data to view
    override fun onBindViewHolder(holder: ViewHolder, position: Int) {
        with(holder){
            with(languageList[position]){
                binding.tvLangName.text = this.name
                binding.tvExp.text = this.exp
            }
        }
    }
  
    // return the size of languageList
    override fun getItemCount(): Int {
        return languageList.size
    }
}

步骤7:使用MainActivity.kt

转到MainActivity.kt文件,并参考以下代码。下面是MainActivity.kt文件的代码。在代码内部添加了注释,以更详细地了解代码。

科特林

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle
import com.geeksforgeeks.rvadapterviewbinding.databinding.ActivityMainBinding
  
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
  
    // view binding for the activity
    private var _binding : ActivityMainBinding? = null
    private val binding get() = _binding!!
  
    // create reference to the adapter and the list
    // in the list pass the model of Language
    private lateinit var rvAdapter: RvAdapter
    private lateinit var languageList : List
  
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        _binding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(layoutInflater)
        setContentView(binding.root)
  
        // load data to language list
        loadLanguage()
          
        // initialize the adapter, and pass the required argument
        rvAdapter = RvAdapter(languageList)
          
          // attach adapter to the recycler view
        binding.rvList.adapter = rvAdapter
    }
  
    // add items to the list manually in our case
    private fun loadLanguage() {
        languageList = listOf(
            Language("Java" , "Exp : 3 years"),
            Language("Kotlin" , "Exp : 2 years"),
            Language("Python" , "Exp : 4 years"),
            Language("JavaScript" , "Exp : 6 years"),
            Language("PHP" , "Exp : 1 years"),
            Language("CPP" , "Exp : 8 years"),
        )
    }
  
    // on destroy of view make the binding reference to null
    override fun onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy()
        _binding = null
    }
}

输出:

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