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📜  打印数组A []中的所有字符串,并将数组B []中的所有字符串作为子序列

📅  最后修改于: 2021-05-07 00:31:43             🧑  作者: Mango

给定两个阵列A []B []组成的字符串,该任务是打印从数组A []中具有B中的所有字符串[]作为亚序列中的字符串。
例子:

天真的方法:
解决问题的最简单方法是遍历数组A [],对于每个字符串,检查数组B []中的所有字符串是否都作为子字符串于数组中。

时间复杂度: O(N 2 * L),其中length表示数组A []中字符串的最大长度
辅助空间: O(1)

高效方法:
要优化上述方法,请按照以下步骤操作:

  • 初始化矩阵A_fre [] [] ,其中A_fre [i]存储第i字符串中每个字符的频率。
  • 初始化B_fre []以将所有字符的频率存储在数组B []中的字符串中。
  • 遍历数组A []并针对每个字符串,检查数组B []的字符串中的字符频率是否比A []中的i字符串的频率高,即

    那么该字符串在B []中至少有一个字符串,而不是其子序列。

  • 如果不满足A []中任何字符串的所有字符的上述条件,请将该字符串打印为答案。
  • 检查所有字符串在A之后[],如果没有找到字符串被具有在B中的所有字符串[]作为它的适当子集,打印-1。

下面是上述方法的实现:

C++
// C++ Program to implement the
// above approach
#include 
using namespace std;
  
// Function to find strings from A[]
// having all strings in B[] as subsequence
void UniversalSubset(vector A,
                     vector B)
{
    // Calculate respective sizes
    int n1 = A.size();
    int n2 = B.size();
  
    // Stores the answer
    vector res;
  
    // Stores the frequency of each
    // character in strings of A[]
    int A_fre[n1][26];
  
    for (int i = 0; i < n1; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++)
            A_fre[i][j] = 0;
    }
  
    // Compute the frequencies
    // of characters of all strings
    for (int i = 0; i < n1; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < A[i].size();
             j++) {
            A_fre[i][A[i][j] - 'a']++;
        }
    }
  
    // Stores the frequency of each
    // character in strings of B[]
    // each character of a string in B[]
    int B_fre[26] = { 0 };
  
    for (int i = 0; i < n2; i++) {
        int arr[26] = { 0 };
        for (int j = 0; j < B[i].size();
             j++) {
  
            arr[B[i][j] - 'a']++;
            B_fre[B[i][j] - 'a']
                = max(B_fre[B[i][j] - 'a'],
                      arr[B[i][j] - 'a']);
        }
    }
  
    for (int i = 0; i < n1; i++) {
        int flag = 0;
        for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) {
  
            // If the frequency of a character
            // in B[] exceeds that in A[]
            if (A_fre[i][j] < B_fre[j]) {
  
                // A string exists in B[] which
                // is not a proper subset of A[i]
                flag = 1;
                break;
            }
        }
  
        // If all strings in B[] are
        // proper subset of A[]
        if (flag == 0)
            // Push the string in
            // resultant vector
            res.push_back(A[i]);
    }
  
    // If any string is found
    if (res.size()) {
  
        // Print those strings
        for (int i = 0; i < res.size();
             i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < res[i].size();
                 j++)
                cout << res[i][j];
        }
  
        cout << " ";
    }
  
    // Otherwise
    else
        cout << "-1";
}
  
// Driver code
int main()
{
    vector A = { "geeksforgeeks",
                         "topcoder",
                         "leetcode" };
    vector B = { "geek", "ee" };
  
    UniversalSubset(A, B);
  
    return 0;
}


Java
// Java program to implement 
// the above approach 
import java.util.*;
  
class GFG {
      
// Function to find strings from A[] 
// having all strings in B[] as subsequence 
static void UniversalSubset(List A, 
                            List B) 
{ 
      
    // Calculate respective sizes 
    int n1 = A.size(); 
    int n2 = B.size(); 
  
    // Stores the answer 
    List res = new ArrayList<>(); 
  
    // Stores the frequency of each 
    // character in strings of A[] 
    int[][] A_fre = new int[n1][26]; 
  
    for(int i = 0; i < n1; i++)
    { 
        for(int j = 0; j < 26; j++) 
            A_fre[i][j] = 0; 
    } 
  
    // Compute the frequencies 
    // of characters of all strings 
    for(int i = 0; i < n1; i++)
    { 
        for(int j = 0; j < A.get(i).length(); j++) 
        { 
            A_fre[i][A.get(i).charAt(j) - 'a']++; 
        } 
    } 
  
    // Stores the frequency of each 
    // character in strings of B[] 
    // each character of a string in B[] 
    int[] B_fre = new int[26]; 
  
    for(int i = 0; i < n2; i++)
    { 
        int[] arr = new int[26] ; 
        for(int j = 0; j < B.get(i).length(); j++)
        { 
            arr[B.get(i).charAt(j) - 'a']++; 
            B_fre[B.get(i).charAt(j) - 'a'] = Math.max(
            B_fre[B.get(i).charAt(j) - 'a'], 
              arr[B.get(i).charAt(j) - 'a']); 
        } 
    } 
  
    for(int i = 0; i < n1; i++)
    { 
        int flag = 0; 
        for(int j = 0; j < 26; j++) 
        { 
  
            // If the frequency of a character 
            // in B[] exceeds that in A[] 
            if (A_fre[i][j] < B_fre[j])
            { 
                  
                // A string exists in B[] which 
                // is not a proper subset of A[i] 
                flag = 1; 
                break; 
            } 
        } 
  
        // If all strings in B[] are 
        // proper subset of A[] 
        if (flag == 0) 
          
            // Push the string in 
            // resultant vector 
            res.add(A.get(i)); 
    } 
  
    // If any string is found 
    if (res.size() != 0)
    { 
          
        // Print those strings 
        for(int i = 0; i < res.size(); i++) 
        { 
            for(int j = 0; 
                    j < res.get(i).length();
                    j++) 
            System.out.print(res.get(i).charAt(j)); 
        } 
        System.out.print(" "); 
    } 
  
    // Otherwise 
    else
    System.out.print("-1"); 
}
  
// Driver code
public static void main (String[] args) 
{
    List A = Arrays.asList("geeksforgeeks", 
                                   "topcoder", 
                                   "leetcode"); 
    List B = Arrays.asList("geek", "ee"); 
      
    UniversalSubset(A, B); 
}
}
  
// This code is contributed by offbeat


Python3
# Python3 program to implement
# the above approach
  
# Function to find strings from A[]
# having all strings in B[] as subsequence
def UniversalSubset(A, B):
  
    # Calculate respective sizes
    n1 = len(A)
    n2 = len(B)
  
    # Stores the answer
    res = []
  
    # Stores the frequency of each
    # character in strings of A[]
    A_freq = [[0 for x in range(26)]
                 for y in range(n1)]
  
    # Compute the frequencies
    # of characters of all strings
    for i in range(n1):
        for j in range(len(A[i])):
            A_freq[i][ord(A[i][j]) - ord('a')] += 1
  
    # Stores the frequency of each
    # character in strings of B[]
    # each character of a string in B[]
    B_freq = [0] * 26
  
    for i in range(n2):
        arr = [0] * 26
          
        for j in range(len(B[i])):
            arr[ord(B[i][j]) - ord('a')] += 1
              
            B_freq[ord(B[i][j]) - ord('a')] = max(
            B_freq[ord(B[i][j]) - ord('a')],
               arr[ord(B[i][j]) - ord('a')])
  
    for i in range(n1):
        flag = 0
        for j in range(26):
  
            # If the frequency of a character
            # in B[] exceeds that in A[]
            if(A_freq[i][j] < B_freq[j]):
  
                # A string exists in B[] which
                # is not a proper subset of A[i]
                flag = 1
                break
  
        # If all strings in B[] are
        # proper subset of A[]
        if(flag == 0):
              
            # Push the string in
            # resultant vector
            res.append(A[i])
  
    # If any string is found
    if(len(res)):
  
        # Print those strings
        for i in range(len(res)):
            for j in range(len(res[i])):
                print(res[i][j], end = "")
  
    # Otherwise 
    else:
        print(-1, end = "")
  
# Driver code
if __name__ == '__main__':
  
    A = [ "geeksforgeeks", "topcoder", 
          "leetcode" ]
    B = [ "geek", "ee" ]
  
    UniversalSubset(A, B)
  
# This code is contributed by Shivam Singh


C#
// C# program to implement
// the above approach
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
  
class GFG{
  
// Function to find strings from []A
// having all strings in []B as subsequence
static void UniversalSubset(List A,
                            List B)
{
      
    // Calculate respective sizes
    int n1 = A.Count;
    int n2 = B.Count;
  
    // Stores the answer
    List res = new List();
  
    // Stores the frequency of each
    // character in strings of []A
    int[,] A_fre = new int[n1, 26];
  
    for(int i = 0; i < n1; i++)
    {
        for(int j = 0; j < 26; j++)
            A_fre[i, j] = 0;
    }
  
    // Compute the frequencies
    // of characters of all strings
    for(int i = 0; i < n1; i++)
    {
        for(int j = 0; j < A[i].Length; j++)
        {
            A_fre[i, A[i][j] - 'a']++;
        }
    }
  
    // Stores the frequency of each
    // character in strings of []B
    // each character of a string in []B
    int[] B_fre = new int[26];
  
    for(int i = 0; i < n2; i++)
    {
        int[] arr = new int[26];
        for(int j = 0; j < B[i].Length; j++)
        {
            arr[B[i][j] - 'a']++;
            B_fre[B[i][j] - 'a'] = Math.Max(
                                   B_fre[B[i][j] - 'a'],
                                     arr[B[i][j] - 'a']);
        }
    }
  
    for(int i = 0; i < n1; i++)
    {
        int flag = 0;
        for(int j = 0; j < 26; j++) 
        {
              
            // If the frequency of a character
            // in []B exceeds that in []A
            if (A_fre[i, j] < B_fre[j])
            {
                  
                // A string exists in []B which
                // is not a proper subset of A[i]
                flag = 1;
                break;
            }
        }
  
        // If all strings in []B are
        // proper subset of []A
        if (flag == 0)
  
            // Push the string in
            // resultant vector
            res.Add(A[i]);
    }
  
    // If any string is found
    if (res.Count != 0)
    {
          
        // Print those strings
        for(int i = 0; i < res.Count; i++)
        {
            for(int j = 0; j < res[i].Length; j++)
                Console.Write(res[i][j]);
        }
        Console.Write(" ");
    }
  
    // Otherwise
    else
        Console.Write("-1");
}
  
// Driver code
public static void Main(String[] args)
{
    List A = new List();
    A.Add("geeksforgeeks");
    A.Add("topcoder");
    A.Add("leetcode");
      
    List B = new List();
    B.Add("geek");
    B.Add("ee");
  
    UniversalSubset(A, B);
}
}
  
// This code is contributed by amal kumar choubey


输出:
geeksforgeeks

时间复杂度: O(N * * L),其中length表示数组A []中字符串的最大长度。
辅助空间: O(N)