Chmod: Changing Permission of "opt/lampp" - Operation not allowed - CSS

Introduction

When working with Linux systems or servers, you may come across the "chmod" command. This command is used to change the permission of files and directories. The permission indicates who can read, write, or execute a file. The permission is represented by a combination of letters and digits, and you can use the chmod command to modify the permission.

Sometimes, when trying to change the permission of a file or directory, you may receive an error message stating that the operation is not allowed. In this article, we will discuss the possible causes of this error message and how to fix it.

Error message

The error message you may receive when trying to change the permission of a file or directory is as follows:

chmod: changing permissions of 'opt/lampp': Operation not allowed

This message indicates that the operation to change the permission is not allowed. This can be due to several reasons.

Reasons for the error message

The following are the possible reasons for the error message:

1. Permission denied

One reason for the error message is that you do not have sufficient permission to change the permission of the file or directory. In Linux, each file and directory is owned by a user and a group. If you are not the owner of the file or directory, or you are not part of the group that owns the file or directory, you may not have the permission to change the permission.

2. File system mounted as read-only

Another reason for the error message is that the file system where the file or directory is located is mounted as read-only. When a file system is mounted as read-only, you cannot modify the files or directories on that file system.

3. No permission to access the parent directory

If the file or directory you are trying to modify is located in a parent directory that you do not have permission to access, you may receive the error message. You need to have read and execute permission on the parent directory to access the files or directories inside it.

Solution to the error message

To fix the error message, you can try the following solutions:

1. Use sudo

If the reason for the error message is that you do not have sufficient permission to modify the file or directory, you can try using the "sudo" command. The "sudo" command allows you to run a command with elevated privileges.

To use the "sudo" command, type "sudo" followed by the command you want to run. For example, to change the permission of the "opt/lampp" directory, you can type:

sudo chmod [permission] opt/lampp

Replace "[permission]" with the permission you want to set.

2. Remount the file system

If the reason for the error message is that the file system is mounted as read-only, you can try remounting the file system as read-write.

To remount the file system, you can use the "mount" command. First, find out the name of the file system by running the "mount" command. Look for the line that contains the file system where the file or directory is located.

mount

Once you have the name of the file system, unmount it using the "umount" command:

sudo umount [file system]

Replace "[file system]" with the name of the file system.

Then, mount it as read-write using the "mount" command:

sudo mount -o remount,rw [file system]

3. Gain permission to parent directory

If the reason for the error message is that you do not have permission to access the parent directory, you need to change the permission of the parent directory or ask the owner of the parent directory to grant you access.

To change the permission of the parent directory, use the "chmod" command:

sudo chmod [permission] [parent directory]

Replace "[permission]" with the permission you want to set and "[parent directory]" with the name of the parent directory.

Conclusion

The "chmod: changing permissions of 'opt/lampp': Operation not allowed" error message indicates that the operation to change the permission is not allowed. This can be due to several reasons such as insufficient permission, read-only file system, or no access to the parent directory. To fix the error message, you can try using the "sudo" command, remounting the file system, or changing the permission of the parent directory.