Mac 中 mysql_secure_installation 的默认密码 - SQL

简介

MySQL 是一款广泛使用的开源关系型数据库管理系统。MySQL 默认安装时有一些不必要的设置，因此，MySQL 安装之后必须进行一些配置，保证数据库的安全性。mysql_secure_installation 是 MySQL 自带的一款脚本，通过运行该脚本可以完成 MySQL 的安全配置。

在 Mac 中运行 mysql_secure_installation 脚本时，需要输入 MySQL 的 root 用户密码。如果是首次安装 MySQL，则默认密码为空，直接按回车即可。但如果 MySQL 已经被安装，则默认密码会被设置为之前设置的密码。

默认密码

如果 MySQL 已经被安装，那么默认密码可以在 MySQL 配置文件中找到。MySQL 配置文件通常位于 /etc/mysql 目录下，示例代码如下：

$ cat /etc/mysql/my.cnf 

在这个文件中，可以找到 MySQL 的 root 用户的默认密码及其他的 MySQL 配置信息。

# The MySQL database server configuration file.

[client]
port            = 3306
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

[mysqld_safe]
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
nice            = 0

[mysqld]
#
# * Basic Settings
#
user            = mysql
pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port            = 3306
basedir         = /usr
datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir          = /tmp
lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql
skip-external-locking

# Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on
# localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure.
bind-address            = 127.0.0.1

#
# * Fine Tuning
#
key_buffer              = 16M
max_allowed_packet      = 16M
thread_stack            = 192K
thread_cache_size       = 8
# This replaces the startup script and checks MyISAM tables if needed
# the first time they are touched
myisam_recover_options  = BACKUP
#max_connections        = 100
#table_cache            = 64
#thread_concurrency     = 10

#
# * Query Cache Configuration
#
query_cache_limit       = 1M
query_cache_size        = 16M

#
# * Logging and Replication
#

#
# ** Error log - should be very few entries.
#
log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log

#
# ** Here you can see queries with especially long duration
#log_slow_queries = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log
#long_query_time = 2
#log-queries-not-using-indexes

#
# ** Replication
#
#server-id              = 1
#log_bin                        = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
#expire_logs_days       = 10
#max_binlog_size         = 100M
#binlog_do_db           = include_database_name
#binlog_ignore_db       = include_database_name

#
# * InnoDB
#
# InnoDB is enabled by default with a 10MB datafile in /var/lib/mysql/.
# Read the manual for more InnoDB related options. There are many!

#
# * Security Features
#
# Read the manual, too, if you want chroot!
# chroot = /var/lib/mysql/
#
# For generating SSL certificates you can use for example the GUI tool "tinyca".
#
# ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/cacert.pem
# ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/server-cert.pem
# ssl-key=/etc/mysql/server-key.pem

[mysqldump]
quick
quote-names
max_allowed_packet      = 16M

[mysql]
#no-auto-rehash # faster start of mysql but no tab completition

[isamchk]
key_buffer              = 16M

#
# * IMPORTANT: Additional settings that can override those from this file!
#   The files must end with '.cnf', otherwise they'll be ignored.
#
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/

从配置文件中获取 MySQL 的 root 用户默认密码后，可以使用以下命令登录 MySQL：

$ mysql -u root -p
Enter password: # 输入 MySQL 的 root 用户默认密码

结论

MySQL 的 root 用户默认密码在 MySQL 配置文件中进行设置，如果是首次安装，则默认密码为空。运行 mysql_secure_installation 脚本时需要输入 root 用户的密码，如果这个密码被更改了，则需要手动输入更改后的密码。