📜  terraform 元素函数 - Shell-Bash (1)

📅  最后修改于: 2023-12-03 15:05:34.315000             🧑  作者: Mango

Terraform 元素函数 - Shell-Bash

Terraform 是一种基础架构即代码工具,可以使用 Shell-Bash 元素函数扩展其功能。本文将介绍 Terraform 中的元素函数和使用 Shell-Bash 的示例。

元素函数
file
${file(PATH)}

file 元素函数返回给定文件路径的内容。该函数接受一个字符串参数,该参数是文件路径。

示例:

variable "file_path" {
  default = "file.txt"
}

output "file_content" {
  value = "${file(var.file_path)}"
}

返回的 Markdown 代码片段:

variable "file_path" {
  default = "file.txt"
}

output "file_content" {
  value = "文件内容"
}
templatefile
${templatefile(PATH, VARIABLES)}

templatefile 元素函数使用给定的模板文件创建一个字符串。该函数接受两个参数:模板文件路径和变量映射。

示例:

variable "message" {
  default = "Hello, world!"
}

variable "template_file_path" {
  default = "template.txt"
}

output "template_output" {
  value = "${templatefile(var.template_file_path, { message = var.message })}"
}

返回的 Markdown 代码片段:

variable "message" {
  default = "Hello, world!"
}

variable "template_file_path" {
  default = "template.txt"
}

output "template_output" {
  value = "Hello, world! This is a template."
}
jsonencode
${jsonencode(VARIABLE)}

jsonencode 元素函数将变量编码为 JSON 字符串。该函数接受一个参数,该参数是要编码的变量。

示例:

variable "person" {
  default = {
    name  = "Alice",
    age   = 30,
    email = "alice@example.com"
  }
}

output "person_json" {
  value = "${jsonencode(var.person)}"
}

返回的 Markdown 代码片段:

variable "person" {
  default = {
    name  = "Alice",
    age   = 30,
    email = "alice@example.com"
  }
}

output "person_json" {
  value = "{\"name\":\"Alice\",\"age\":30,\"email\":\"alice@example.com\"}"
}
Shell-Bash 示例
local-exec

local-exec 配置块可以执行任意本地命令,在 Terraform 构建期间进行。以下示例执行了一个本地命令,并从 Shell 输出中提取了信息:

resource "null_resource" "example" {
  provisioner "local-exec" {
    command = "echo 'Hello, world!'"
  }

  provisioner "local-exec" {
    command = "echo 'I am ${PWD}'"
    interpreter = ["/bin/bash", "-c"]
  }

  provisioner "local-exec" {
    command = "echo 'There are $(ls -l | grep -c .tf) Terraform files in this directory'"
    interpreter = ["/bin/bash", "-c"]
    environment = {
      LESSOPEN = "||/usr/bin/lesspipe.sh %s",
      LESS_ADVANCED_PREPROCESSOR = "yes"
    }
  }
}

返回的 Markdown 代码片段:

resource "null_resource" "example" {
  provisioner "local-exec" {
    command = "echo 'Hello, world!'"
  }

  provisioner "local-exec" {
    command = "echo 'I am /path/to/working/directory'"
    interpreter = ["/bin/bash", "-c"]
  }

  provisioner "local-exec" {
    command = "echo 'There are 1 Terraform files in this directory'"
    interpreter = ["/bin/bash", "-c"]
    environment = {
      LESSOPEN = "||/usr/bin/lesspipe.sh %s",
      LESS_ADVANCED_PREPROCESSOR = "yes"
    }
  }
}
remote-exec

remote-exec 配置块可以执行任何已知的远程命令,使用 SSH 登录到远程主机并在其上执行命令。以下示例使用 Shell 命令从远程主机下载文件:

resource "null_resource" "example" {
  provisioner "remote-exec" {
    inline = [
      "wget -O '~/file.txt' 'http://example.com/file.txt'"
    ]
    connection {
      user        = "username"
      type        = "ssh"
      private_key = file("~/.ssh/id_rsa")
      host        = "example.com"
    }
  }
}

返回的 Markdown 代码片段:

resource "null_resource" "example" {
  provisioner "remote-exec" {
    inline = [
      "wget -O '~/file.txt' 'http://example.com/file.txt'"
    ]
    connection {
      user        = "username"
      type        = "ssh"
      private_key = file("~/.ssh/id_rsa")
      host        = "example.com"
    }
  }
}
结论

在 Terraform 中,使用 Shell-Bash 元素函数可以轻松地扩展其功能。本文介绍了 filetemplatefilejsonencode 元素函数,以及 local-execremote-exec 配置块的示例。希望这些示例能够帮助您更好地理解如何在 Terraform 中使用 Shell-Bash。