public static readonly int RATIO_CHANCE_A = 10;
public static readonly int RATIO_CHANCE_B = 30;
//                         ...
public static readonly int RATIO_CHANCE_N = 60;

public static readonly int RATIO_TOTAL = RATIO_CHANCE_A
                                       + RATIO_CHANCE_B
                                         // ...
                                       + RATIO_CHANCE_N;

Random random = new Random();
int x = random.Next(0, RATIO_TOTAL);

if ((x -= RATIO_CHANCE_A) < 0) // Test for A
{ 
     do_something1();
} 
else if ((x -= RATIO_CHANCE_B) < 0) // Test for B
{ 
     do_something2();
}
// ... etc
else // No need for final if statement
{ 
     do_somethingN();
}