Traceroute Windows命令 - C编程语言

Traceroute是一种网络诊断工具，可以确定到特定目标的数据包在互联网上的路径。Windows操作系统有一个内置的traceroute命令，可以帮助您了解对Internet上某个特定IP地址的数据包的路径。本文将介绍如何使用C编程语言创建Traceroute Windows命令。

实现Traceroute Windows命令的C代码

以下是实现Traceroute Windows命令的C代码示例。此代码使用Winsock库（Windows套接字）进行通信，并使用ICMP（Internet控制消息协议）协议来发送和接收数据包。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <WinSock2.h>
#include <WS2tcpip.h>
#include <iphlpapi.h>
#include <icmpapi.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "Ws2_32.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "iphlpapi.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "icmp.lib")

#define PACKET_SIZE     32
#define TIMEOUT         1000

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    char* targetIp = "www.google.com";
    if (argc > 1)
    {
        targetIp = argv[1];
    }

    printf("Tracerouting to %s\n", targetIp);

    WSADATA wsaData;
    if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData) != 0)
    {
        printf("WSAStartup failed: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
        return 1;
    }

    SOCKET sockRaw = WSASocket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP, NULL, 0, WSA_FLAG_OVERLAPPED);
    if (sockRaw == INVALID_SOCKET)
    {
        printf("WSASocket failed: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
        WSACleanup();
        return 1;
    }

    DWORD dwTimeOut = TIMEOUT;
    if (setsockopt(sockRaw, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, (char*)&dwTimeOut, sizeof(dwTimeOut)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
    {
        printf("setsockopt failed: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
        closesocket(sockRaw);
        WSACleanup();
        return 1;
    }

    struct hostent* hp = gethostbyname(targetIp);
    if (!hp)
    {
        printf("Unable to resolve target host: %s\n", targetIp);
        closesocket(sockRaw);
        WSACleanup();
        return 1;
    }

    SOCKADDR_IN dest = { 0 };
    dest.sin_family = AF_INET;
    dest.sin_addr.s_addr = *((unsigned long*)hp->h_addr_list[0]);

    char packet[PACKET_SIZE] = { 0 };
    ICMP_ECHO_REPLY* reply = (ICMP_ECHO_REPLY*)packet;
    IP_OPTION_INFORMATION ipOption = { 0 };
    ipOption.Ttl = 1;
    ipOption.Tos = 0;
    ipOption.Flags = 0;
    ipOption.OptionsSize = 0;
    ipOption.OptionsData = NULL;

    int hopCount = 0;
    while (hopCount < 30)
    {
        ipOption.Ttl = hopCount + 1;

        if (WSAIoctl(sockRaw, SIO_RCVALL, (LPVOID)&ipOption, sizeof(ipOption), NULL, 0, (LPDWORD)&dwTimeOut, NULL, NULL) == SOCKET_ERROR)
        {
            printf("WSAIoctl failed: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
            break;
        }

        if (IcmpSendEcho(sockRaw, dest.sin_addr.s_addr, packet, PACKET_SIZE, &ipOption, reply, sizeof(packet), TIMEOUT) == 0)
        {
            printf("%d\t*\t*\t*\n", hopCount + 1);
        }
        else
        {
            DWORD pingTime = reply->RoundTripTime;
            in_addr addr = { 0 };
            addr.S_un.S_addr = reply->Address;
            printf("%d\t%s\t%dms\n", hopCount + 1, inet_ntoa(addr), pingTime);
        }

        if (reply->Status == IP_SUCCESS || hopCount >= 30)
        {
            break;
        }

        hopCount++;
    }

    closesocket(sockRaw);
    WSACleanup();
    return 0;
}

警告

请注意，Traceroute命令不会在防火墙和路由器上留下记录。然而，如果您的网络管理员正在监控您的活动，请谨慎使用此命令。