在Python对列表进行排序，然后按排序顺序返回元素的索引。
例子：
Input : [2, 3, 1, 4, 5]
Output : [2, 0, 1, 3, 4]
After sorting list becomes [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
and their index as [2, 0, 1, 3, 4]
Input : [6, 4, 7, 8, 1]
Output : [4, 1, 0, 2, 3]
After sorting the list becomes [1, 4, 6, 7, 8]
and their index as [4, 1, 0, 2, 3].
方法1
import numpy
s = numpy.array([2, 3, 1, 4, 5])
sort_index = numpy.argsort(s)
print(sort_index)
输出 ：
[2, 0, 1, 3, 4]
方法2
s = [2, 3, 1, 4, 5]
li=[]
for i in range(len(s)):
li.append([s[i],i])
li.sort()
sort_index = []
for x in li:
sort_index.append(x[1])
print(sort_index)
输出：
[2, 0, 1, 3, 4]