朱莉娅的运算符

Julia 中的运算符是用于对变量和值执行运算的数学符号。这些符号用于执行算术和逻辑计算。运算符对其执行操作的变量称为操作数。换句话说，我们可以说运算符对操作数进行操作。
例如，考虑以下语句：

c = a + b;

这里，“+”是称为加法运算符的运算符符，“a”和“b”是操作数。加法运算符告诉编译器将两个操作数“a”和“b”相加。

运算符类型

Julia 中的运算符有六种类型：

算术运算符
位运算符
逻辑运算符
赋值运算符
矢量化“点”运算符
关系运算符

算术运算符

算术运算运算符用于对操作数执行算术/数学运算。这些运算符包括加法、减法、乘法、除法等过程。示例： (+、-、、/、%、+x、-x)。
算术运算运算符有两种类型：

一元运算符：操作或使用单个操作数的运算符是一元运算运算符。例如： (+x, -x) 即一元加号和一元减号。
二元运算符：操作或使用两个操作数的运算符是二元运算符。例如：（+、-、*、/）

Operator	Description	Syntax
+(unary plus)	Unary plus: Identity operation	+x
-(unary minus)	Unary minus: Performs negation on operand	-x
+	Binary plus: adds two operands	x + y
–	Binary minus: subtracts two operands	x – y
*	Multiplication(times): multiplies two operands	x * y
/	Division (float): divides the first operand by the second and returns float value	x / y
÷	Division (Integer): divides the first operand by the second and returns integer value	x ÷ y
\	Division (Inverse): divides the second operand by the first(y/x)	x \ y
^	Power: Raises x to the yth power	x ^ y
%	Modulus: returns the remainder when first operand is divided by the second	x % y
!	Negation: Changes bool value i.e. from true to false and vice versa	x % y

# Examples of Arithmetic Operator 
a = 9
b = 4
  
println("a = ", a)
println("b = ", b)
  
# Addition of numbers 
add = a + b 
println("Binary Addition: ", add) 
  
# Subtraction of numbers  
sub = a - b 
println("Binary Subtraction: ", sub) 
  
# Multiplication of number  
mul = a * b 
println("Binary Multiplication: ", mul) 
  
# Division(float) of number  
div1 = a / b 
println("Binary Division: ", div1) 
  
# Division(Integer) of number  
div2 = a ÷ b 
println("Integer Division: ", div2) 
  
# Division(floor) of number  
div3 = a \ b 
println("Inverse Division: ", div3) 
  
# Power of number 
pow = a ^ b 
println("Power Operation: ", pow) 
  
# Modulo of both number 
mod = a % b 
println("Modular Division: ", mod)

输出：

a = 9
b = 4
Binary Addition: 13
Binary Subtraction: 5
Binary Multiplication: 36
Binary Division: 2.25
Integer Division: 2
Inverse Division: 0.4444444444444444
Power Operation: 6561
Modular Division: 1

位运算符

位运算符用于执行数字的各个位的操作。它们可以与任何整数类型一起使用。示例：(~, &, |, >>,

Operator	Description	Syntax
~	Bitwise NOT	~x
&	Bitwise AND	x & y
\|	Bitwise OR	x \| y
⊻	Bitwise XOR	x ⊻ y
>>>	Logical right shift	x >>> y
>>	Bitwise right shift	x >> y
<<	Bitwise/Logical left shift	x << y

# Examples of Bitwise operators
a = 48
b = 67
  
# Bitwise NOT operation 
println(~a)
  
# Bitwise AND operation  
println(a & b)
  
# Bitwise OR operation
println(a | b)
  
# Bitwise XOR operation 
println(a ? b)
  
# Logical right shift operation 
println(a >>> 2)
  
# Bitwise right shift operation 
println(a >> 2)
  
# Bitwise left shift operation 
println(a << 2)

输出：

逻辑运算符

逻辑运算符用于组合两个或多个条件/约束或补充考虑的原始条件的评估。逻辑运算符的运算结果是一个布尔值，真或假。例如，当两个条件都满足时，Julia 中表示为“&&”运算符的逻辑 AND 返回 true。否则，它返回 false。因此，当 a 和 b 都为真（即非零）时，a && b 返回真。

Operator	Description	Syntax
&&	Logical AND: True if both the operands are true	x && y
\|\|	Logical OR: True if either of the operands is true	x \|\| y
!	Logical NOT: True if operand is false	!x

# Examples of Logical Operator
a = true
b = false
  
# Print if a and b both are False
println(a && b)
  
# Print if a or b is True
println(a || b)
  
# Print if not a is False
println(! a)

输出：

false
true
false

赋值运算符

赋值运算符用于为变量赋值。赋值运算符的左侧操作数是一个变量，而赋值运算符符的右侧操作数是一个值。右侧的值必须与左侧变量的数据类型相同，否则编译器将引发错误。

Operator	Description	Syntax
=	Assign value of right side of expression to left side operand	x = y + z
+=	Add AND: Add right side operand with left side operand and then assign to left operand	a += b a = a + b
-=	Subtract AND: Subtract right operand from left operand and then assign to left operand	a -= b a = a – b
*=	Multiply AND: Multiply right operand with left operand and then assign to left operand	a = b a = a b
/=	Divide AND: Divide left operand with right operand and then assign to left operand	a /= b a = a / b
\=	Inverse Divide AND: Divide right operand with left operand and then assign to left operand	a \= b a = a \ b
÷=	Integer Divide AND: Divide left operand with right operand and then assign to left operand	a ÷= b a = a ÷ b
%=	Modulus AND: Takes modulus using left and right operands and assign result to left operand	a %= b a = a % b
^=	Exponent AND: Calculate exponent(raise power) value using operands and assign value to left operand	a ^= b a = a ^ b
&=	Performs Bitwise AND on operands and assign value to left operand	a &= b a = a & b
\|=	Performs Bitwise OR on operands and assign value to left operand	a \|= b a = a \| b
⊻=	Performs Bitwise xOR on operands and assign value to left operand	a ⊻= b a = a ⊻ b
>>>=	Performs Logical right shift on operands and assign value to left operand	a>>>=b a=a>>>b	>>=	Performs Bitwise right shift on operands and assign value to left operand	a >>= b a = a >> b
<<=	Performs Bitwise left shift on operands and assign value to left operand	a <<= b a = a << b

# Examples of Assignment Operator 
a = 9
b = 4
  
println("a = ", a)
println("b = ", b)
  
# Addition of numbers 
a += b 
println("Binary Addition: ", a) 
  
# Subtraction of numbers  
a -= b 
println("Binary Subtraction: ", a) 
  
# Multiplication of number  
a *= b 
println("Binary Multiplication: ", a) 
  
# Division(float) of number  
a /= b 
println("Binary Division: ", a) 
  
# Division(Integer) of number  
a ÷= b 
println("Integer Division: ", a) 
  
# Division(floor) of number  
a \= b 
println("Inverse Division: ", a) 
  
# Power of number 
a ^= b 
println("Power Operation: ", a) 
  
# Modulo of both number 
a %= b 
println("Modular Division: ", a)

输出

a = 9
b = 4
Binary Addition: 13
Binary Subtraction: 9
Binary Multiplication: 36
Binary Division: 9.0
Integer Division: 2.0
Inverse Division: 2.0
Power Operation: 16.0
Modular Division: 0.0

矢量化“点”运算符

“点”运算符(.) 用于执行二元运算，用于对整个数组逐个元素、逐个元素地使用它。例如，如果将幂 (^)运算符应用于 [4, 5, 6, 7] ^ 2 之类的数组，将导致错误，因为无法对数组执行“平方”。因此，“点”运算符开始使用。当与像.^这样的二进制操作一起使用时，它将对数组的每个元素执行操作。例如- [4, 5, 6, 7] ^ 2 将导致 [4^2, 5^2, 6^2, 7^2]。
同样，此点运算符可以与其他二元运算符一起使用，例如 .=、.+、.- 等。

例子：

# Julia program to illustrate
# use of 'dot' operator
  
# Creating array
A = [4, 5, 6, 7]
  
# Performing exponent binary operation
A = A ^ 2
  
# Performing exponent using 'dot' operation
A = A .^ 2 
println(A)

当在没有“点”运算符的情况下执行指数时，上面的代码将产生错误。这是因为不能对元素数组执行指数。
Julia 点运算符

关系运算符

这些运算符用于检查相等、大于、小于等关系。它们在比较后返回布尔结果，并广泛用于循环语句以及条件 if-else 语句。

Operator	Description	Syntax
>	Greater than: True if left operand is greater than the right	x > y
<	Less than: True if left operand is less than the right	x < y
==	Equal to: True if both operands are equal	x == y
!=, ≠	Not equal to – True if operands are not equal	x != y or x ≠ y
>=, ≥	Greater than or equal to: True if left operand is greater than or equal to the right	x >= y or x ≥ y
<=, ≤	Less than or equal to: True if left operand is less than or equal to the right	x <= y or x ≤ y

例子：

# Examples of Relational Operators 
a = 13
b = 33
    
# a > b is False 
println(a > b) 
    
# a < b is True 
println(a < b) 
    
# a == b is False 
println(a == b) 
    
# a != b is True 
println(a != b) 
    
# a >= b is False 
println(a >= b) 
    
# a <= b is True 
println(a <= b)

输出：

false
true
false
true
false
true