Introduction to '2+2 - Python'

Introduction

Welcome to this introductory guide on the Python programming language with the theme '2+2 - Python'. Python is a versatile and popular programming language known for its simplicity and readability. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced programmer, Python offers a wide range of possibilities for various applications.

Python Syntax

Python has a clean and straightforward syntax that makes it easy to write and understand code. Let's take a look at a simple example:

result = 2 + 2
print(result)

In this code snippet, we are performing a basic arithmetic operation - adding 2 and 2 together and storing the result in the variable result. We then print the value of result to the console using the print function.

Variables and Data Types

Python allows you to assign values to variables and work with different data types. Here are some commonly used data types in Python:

• Integer: represents whole numbers (e.g., 2)
• Float: represents real numbers (e.g., 3.14)
• String: represents a sequence of characters (e.g., "Hello, World!")
• Boolean: represents True or False values
• Lists: represents an ordered collection of items

number = 2
pi = 3.14
message = "Hello, World!"
is_python_fun = True
my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

Control Flow

Python provides various control flow statements to control the execution of code. Here are some common control flow statements:

If-Else Statements

Allows you to execute different code blocks based on conditions.

x = 5

if x < 0:
    print("x is negative")
elif x == 0:
    print("x is zero")
else:
    print("x is positive")

Loops

Allows you to repeat a set of instructions multiple times.

For Loop

Executes a set of statements for each item in an iterable.

fruits = ["apple", "banana", "orange"]

for fruit in fruits:
    print(fruit)

While Loop

Executes a set of statements as long as a condition is true.

count = 0

while count < 5:
    print(count)
    count += 1

Functions

Functions are blocks of reusable code that perform a specific task. They help in organizing code and making it more modular.

def say_hello(name):
    print("Hello, " + name + "!")

say_hello("John")

In the above example, the say_hello function takes a parameter name, and it prints a personalized greeting message.

Libraries and Modules

Python has a vast ecosystem of libraries and modules that extend its capabilities. You can import these libraries into your code to access additional functionality. Some popular libraries are:

• NumPy: for numerical computations
• Pandas: for data manipulation and analysis
• Matplotlib: for data visualization

import numpy as np

arr = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
mean = np.mean(arr)

print("Mean:", mean)

In the above example, we imported the numpy library as np and used its mean function to calculate the mean of an array.

Conclusion

Python is a powerful programming language with a wide range of applications. In this guide, you learned about Python syntax, variables, control flow, functions, and the availability of libraries. Remember to practice and explore further to become proficient in Python programming. Happy coding!