Python中的逻辑门

逻辑门是任何数字电路的基本构建块。它需要一两个输入并根据这些输入产生输出。输出可能为高 (1) 或低 (0)。逻辑门使用二极管或晶体管实现。它也可以使用真空管、光学元件、分子等电磁元件构成。在计算机中，大多数电子电路都是由逻辑门组成的。逻辑门用于执行计算、数据存储或展示面向对象编程（尤其是继承的力量）的电路。

定义了七个基本逻辑门：与门、或门、非门、与非门、或非门、异或门、异或门。

1.与门
如果两个输入都为 1，则与门的输出为 1，否则为 0。

Python3

# Python3 program to illustrate
# working of AND gate
 
def AND (a, b):
 
    if a == 1 and b == 1:
        return True
    else:
        return False
 
# Driver code
if __name__=='__main__':
    print(AND(1, 1))
 
    print("+---------------+----------------+")
    print(" | AND Truth Table | Result |")
    print(" A = False, B = False | A AND B =",AND(False,False)," | ")
    print(" A = False, B = True | A AND B =",AND(False,True)," | ")
    print(" A = True, B = False | A AND B =",AND(True,False)," | ")
    print(" A = True, B = True | A AND B =",AND(True,True)," | ")

输出：

True
+---------------+----------------
 | AND Truth Table |    Result |
 A = False, B = False | A AND B = False  | 
 A = False, B = True  | A AND B = False  | 
 A = True, B = False  | A AND B = False  | 
 A = True, B = True   | A AND B = True   | 

2. 与非门
如果两个输入都为 1，则与非门（取反的 AND）输出为 0，否则为 1。

Python3

# Python3 program to illustrate
# working of NAND gate
 
def NAND (a, b):
    if a == 1 and b == 1:
        return False
    else:
        return True
 
# Driver code
if __name__=='__main__':
    print(NAND(1, 0))
 
    print("+---------------+----------------+")
    print(" | NAND Truth Table | Result |")
    print(" A = False, B = False | A AND B =",NAND(False,False)," | ")
    print(" A = False, B = True | A AND B =",NAND(False,True)," | ")
    print(" A = True, B = False | A AND B =",NAND(True,False)," | ")
    print(" A = True, B = True | A AND B =",NAND(True,True)," | ")

输出：

True
+---------------+----------------
 | NAND Truth Table |    Result |
 A = False, B = False | A AND B = True  | 
 A = False, B = True  | A AND B = True  | 
 A = True, B = False  | A AND B = True  | 
 A = True, B = True   | A AND B = False | 

3. 或门
如果两个输入中的任何一个为 1，OR 门的输出为 1，否则为 0。

Python3

# Python3 program to illustrate
# working of OR gate
 
def OR(a, b):
    if a == 1 or b ==1:
        return True
    else:
        return False
 
# Driver code
if __name__=='__main__':
    print(OR(0, 0))
 
    print("+---------------+----------------+")
    print(" | OR Truth Table | Result |")
    print(" A = False, B = False | A OR B =",OR(False,False)," | ")
    print(" A = False, B = True | A OR B =",OR(False,True)," | ")
    print(" A = True, B = False | A OR B =",OR(True,False)," | ")
    print(" A = True, B = True | A OR B =",OR(True,True)," | ")

输出：

False
+---------------+----------------+
 | OR Truth Table |    Result |
 A = False, B = False | A OR B = False  | 
 A = False, B = True  | A OR B = True   | 
 A = True, B = False  | A OR B = True   | 
 A = True, B = True   | A OR B = True   | 

4. 异或门
如果两个输入中的任何一个输入不同，XOR 门的输出为 1，如果它们相同，则输出为 0。

Python3

# Python3 program to illustrate
# working of Xor gate
 
def XOR (a, b):
    if a != b:
        return 1
    else:
        return 0
 
# Driver code
if __name__=='__main__':
    print(XOR(5, 5))
 
    print("+---------------+----------------+")
    print(" | XOR Truth Table | Result |")
    print(" A = False, B = False | A XOR B =",XOR(False,False)," | ")
    print(" A = False, B = True | A XOR B =",XOR(False,True)," | ")
    print(" A = True, B = False | A XOR B =",XOR(True,False)," | ")
    print(" A = True, B = True | A XOR B =",XOR(True,True)," | ")

输出：

0
+---------------+----------------+
 | XOR Truth Table | Result |
 A = False, B = False | A XOR B = 0  | 
 A = False, B = True  | A XOR B = 1  | 
 A = True, B = False  | A XOR B = 1  | 
 A = True, B = True   | A XOR B = 0  | 

5. 非门
它充当逆变器。它只需要一个输入。如果输入为 1，它会将结果反转为 0，反之亦然。

Python3

# Python3 program to illustrate
# working of Not gate
 
def NOT(a):
    return not a
# Driver code
if __name__=='__main__':
    print(NOT(0))
 
    print("+---------------+----------------+")
    print(" | NOT Truth Table | Result |")
    print(" A = False | A NOT =",NOT(False)," | ")
    print(" A = True, | A NOT =",NOT(True)," | ")
  

输出：

1
+---------------+----------------+
 | NOT Truth Table | Result |
 A = False | A NOT = 1  | 
 A = True, | A NOT = 0  | 

6. 或非门
如果两个输入都为 0，则 NOR 门（取反或）给出 1 的输出，否则给出 0。

Python3

# Python3 program to illustrate
# working of NOR gate
 
def NOR(a, b):
    if(a == 0) and (b == 0):
        return 1
    elif(a == 0) and (b == 1):
        return 0
    elif(a == 1) and (b == 0):
        return 0
    elif(a == 1) and (b == 1):
        return 0
 
# Driver code
if __name__=='__main__':
    print(NOR(0, 0))
 
    print("+---------------+----------------+")
    print(" | NOR Truth Table | Result |")
    print(" A = False, B = False | A NOR B =",NOR(False,False)," | ")
    print(" A = False, B = True | A NOR B =",NOR(False,True)," | ")
    print(" A = True, B = False | A NOR B =",NOR(True,False)," | ")
    print(" A = True, B = True | A NOR B =",NOR(True,True)," | ")

输出：

1
+---------------+----------------+
 | NOR Truth Table |   Result |
 A = False, B = False | A NOR B = 1  | 
 A = False, B = True  | A NOR B = 0  | 
 A = True, B = False  | A NOR B = 0  | 
 A = True, B = True   | A NOR B = 0  | 

7. 异或门
XNOR 门（取反的 XOR）给出两个输入相同的输出 1，如果两者不同，则输出 0。

Python3

# Python3 program to illustrate
# working of Not gate
 
def XNOR(a,b):
    if(a == b):
        return 1
    else:
        return 0
# Driver code
if __name__=='__main__':
    print(XNOR(1,1))
 
    print("+---------------+----------------+")
    print(" | XNOR Truth Table | Result |")
    print(" A = False, B = False | A XNOR B =",XNOR(False,False)," | ")
    print(" A = False, B = True | A XNOR B =",XNOR(False,True)," | ")
    print(" A = True, B = False | A XNOR B =",XNOR(True,False)," | ")
    print(" A = True, B = True | A XNOR B =",XNOR(True,True)," | ")

输出：

1
+---------------+----------------+
 | XNOR Truth Table |  Result |
 A = False, B = False | A XNOR B = 1  | 
 A = False, B = True  | A XNOR B = 0  | 
 A = True, B = False  | A XNOR B = 0  | 
 A = True, B = True   | A XNOR B = 1  |