O(n)空间中的N个皇后

给定nx棋盘的n，找到皇后在棋盘上的正确位置。
先前的方法： N Queen

算法 ：

Place(k, i)
// Returns true if a queen can be placed
// in kth row and ith column. Otherwise it
// returns false. X[] is a global array
// whose first (k-1) values have been set.
// Abs( ) returns absolute value of r
{
   for j := 1 to k-1 do

        // Two in the same column
        // or in the same diagonal
        if ((x[j] == i)  or
            (abs(x[j] – i) = Abs(j – k)))
           then return false;

   return true;
}

算法nQueens(k，n)：

// Using backtracking, this procedure prints all 
// possible placements of n queens on an n×n 
// chessboard so that they are nonattacking.
{
      for i:= 1 to n do
      {
         if Place(k, i) then
         {
             x[k] = i;
             if (k == n)
                write (x[1:n]);
             else 
               NQueens(k+1, n);
         }
      }
} 

C++

// CPP code to for n Queen placement
#include 
 
#define breakLine cout << "\n---------------------------------\n";
#define MAX 10
 
using namespace std;
 
int arr[MAX], no;
 
void nQueens(int k, int n);
bool canPlace(int k, int i);
void display(int n);
 
// Function to check queens placement
void nQueens(int k, int n){
 
    for (int i = 1;i <= n;i++){
        if (canPlace(k, i)){
            arr[k] = i;
            if (k == n)
                display(n);
            else
                nQueens(k + 1, n);
        }
    }
}
 
// Helper Function to check if queen can be placed
bool canPlace(int k, int i){
    for (int j = 1;j <= k - 1;j++){
        if (arr[j] == i ||
            (abs(arr[j] - i) == abs(j - k)))
           return false;
    }
    return true;
}
 
// Function to display placed queen
void display(int n){
    breakLine
    cout << "Arrangement No. " << ++no;
    breakLine
 
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++){
        for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++){
            if (arr[i] != j)
                cout << "\t_";
            else
                cout << "\tQ";
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
 
    breakLine
}
 
// Driver Code
int main(){
    int n = 4;   
    nQueens(1, n);   
    return 0;
}

Java

// Java code to for n Queen placement
class GfG
{
 
    static void breakLine()
    {
        System.out.print("\n---------------------------------\n");
    }
    static int MAX = 10;
 
    static int arr[] = new int[MAX], no;
 
    // Function to check queens placement
    static void nQueens(int k, int n)
    {
 
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        {
            if (canPlace(k, i))
            {
                arr[k] = i;
                if (k == n)
                {
                    display(n);
                }
                else
                {
                    nQueens(k + 1, n);
                }
            }
        }
    }
 
    // Helper Function to check if queen can be placed
    static boolean canPlace(int k, int i)
    {
        for (int j = 1; j <= k - 1; j++)
        {
            if (arr[j] == i ||
                (Math.abs(arr[j] - i) == Math.abs(j - k)))
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
 
    // Function to display placed queen
    static void display(int n)
    {
        breakLine();
        System.out.print("Arrangement No. " + ++no);
        breakLine();
 
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        {
            for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++)
            {
                if (arr[i] != j)
                {
                    System.out.print("\t_");
                }
                else
                {
                    System.out.print("\tQ");
                }
            }
            System.out.println("");
        }
 
        breakLine();
    }
 
    // Driver Code
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        int n = 4;
        nQueens(1, n);
    }
}
 
// This code is contributed by 29AjayKumar

Python3

# Python code to for n Queen placement
class GfG:
    def __init__(self):
        self.MAX = 10
        self.arr = [0] * self.MAX
        self.no = 0
 
    def breakLine(self):
        print("\n------------------------------------------------")
 
    def canPlace(self, k, i):
         
        # Helper Function to check
        # if queen can be placed
        for j in range(1, k):
            if (self.arr[j] == i or
               (abs(self.arr[j] - i) == abs(j - k))):
                return False
        return True
 
    def display(self, n):
         
        # Function to display placed queen
        self.breakLine()
        self.no += 1
        print("Arrangement No.", self.no, end = " ")
        self.breakLine()
 
        for i in range(1, n + 1):
            for j in range(1, n + 1):
                if self.arr[i] != j:
                    print("\t_", end = " ")
                else:
                    print("\tQ", end = " ")
            print()
 
        self.breakLine()
 
    def nQueens(self, k, n):
         
        # Function to check queens placement
        for i in range(1, n + 1):
            if self.canPlace(k, i):
                self.arr[k] = i
                if k == n:
                    self.display(n)
                else:
                    self.nQueens(k + 1, n)
 
# Driver Code
if __name__ == '__main__':
    n = 4
    obj = GfG()
    obj.nQueens(1, n)
 
# This code is contributed by vibhu4agarwal

C#

// C# code to for n Queen placement
using System;
 
class GfG
{
 
    static void breakLine()
    {
        Console.Write("\n---------------------------------\n");
    }
    static int MAX = 10;
 
    static int []arr = new int[MAX];
    static int no;
 
    // Function to check queens placement
    static void nQueens(int k, int n)
    {
 
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        {
            if (canPlace(k, i))
            {
                arr[k] = i;
                if (k == n)
                {
                    display(n);
                }
                else
                {
                    nQueens(k + 1, n);
                }
            }
        }
    }
 
    // Helper Function to check if queen can be placed
    static bool canPlace(int k, int i)
    {
        for (int j = 1; j <= k - 1; j++)
        {
            if (arr[j] == i ||
                (Math.Abs(arr[j] - i) == Math.Abs(j - k)))
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
 
    // Function to display placed queen
    static void display(int n)
    {
        breakLine();
        Console.Write("Arrangement No. " + ++no);
        breakLine();
 
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        {
            for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++)
            {
                if (arr[i] != j)
                {
                    Console.Write("\t_");
                }
                else
                {
                    Console.Write("\tQ");
                }
            }
            Console.WriteLine("");
        }
 
        breakLine();
    }
 
    // Driver Code
    public static void Main(String[] args)
    {
        int n = 4;
        nQueens(1, n);
    }
}
 
// This code contributed by Rajput-Ji

Javascript

 
// JavaScript program to for n Queen placement
 
    function breakLine()
    {
        document.write("<br />");
        document.write("---------------------------------");
        document.write("<br />");
    }
    let MAX = 10;
   
    let arr = [];
    let no = 0;
   
    // Function to check queens placement
    function nQueens(k, n)
    {
   
        for (let i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        {
            if (canPlace(k, i))
            {
                arr[k] = i;
                if (k == n)
                {
                    display(n);
                }
                else
                {
                    nQueens(k + 1, n);
                }
            }
        }
    }
   
    // Helper Function to check if queen can be placed
    function canPlace(k, i)
    {
        for (let j = 1; j <= k - 1; j++)
        {
            if (arr[j] == i ||
                (Math.abs(arr[j] - i) == Math.abs(j - k)))
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
   
    // Function to display placed queen
    function display(n)
    {
        breakLine();
        document.write("Arrangement No. " + ++no);
        breakLine();
   
        for (let i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        {
            for (let j = 1; j <= n; j++)
            {
                if (arr[i] != j)
                {
                    document.write("\t_");
                }
                else
                {
                    document.write("\tQ");
                }
            }
            document.write("<br/>");
        }
   
        breakLine();
    }
  
// Driver code
 
        let n = 4;
        nQueens(1, n);
 

输出：

---------------------------------
Arrangement No. 1
---------------------------------
    _    Q    _    _
    _    _    _    Q
    Q    _    _    _
    _    _    Q    _

---------------------------------

---------------------------------
Arrangement No. 2
---------------------------------
    _    _    Q    _
    Q    _    _    _
    _    _    _    Q
    _    Q    _    _

---------------------------------