先到先得-CPU调度|英特尔®开发人员专区(非抢先)

先决条件：操作系统中的CPU调度
给定N个进程，其到达时间为at [] ，突发时间为bt [] 。任务是使用“先到先得”(FCFS)算法查找每个进程的等待时间和平均等待时间。

例子

Input: N = 5, at[] = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4}, bt[] = {4, 3, 1, 2, 5}

Processes	Arrival Time	Burst Time
P1	0	4
P2	1	3
P3	2	1
P4	3	2
P5	4	5

Output: Waiting Time for each process are:

Processes	Waiting Time
P1	0
P2	3
P3	5
P4	5
P5	6

Average Waiting Time = 3.8

方法：

1. 第一次执行的等待时间为0，因为它首先执行。
2. 即将到来的流程的等待时间可以通过以下方式计算：

   wt[i] =  ( at[i - 1] + bt[i - 1] + wt[i - 1] ) - at[i]
   

   其中wt [i] =当前进程的等待时间
   at [i-1] =上一个进程的到达时间
   bt [i-1] =上一个进程的突发时间
   wt [i-1] =上一个进程的等待时间
   at [i] =当前进程的到达时间

3. 平均等待时间可以通过以下方式计算：

   Average Waiting Time = (sum of all waiting time)/(Number of processes)
   

下面是上述方法的实现：

C++

// C++ program to Calculate Waiting
// Time for given Processes
#include 
using namespace std;
  
// Function to Calculate waiting time
// and average waiting time
void CalculateWaitingTime(int at[],
                          int bt[], int N)
{
  
    // Declare the array for waiting
    // time
    int wt[N];
  
    // Waiting time for first process
    // is 0
    wt[0] = 0;
  
    // Print waiting time process 1
    cout << "P.No.\tArrival Time\t"
         << "Burst Time\tWaiting Time\n";
    cout << "1"
         << "\t\t" << at[0] << "\t\t"
         << bt[0] << "\t\t" << wt[0] << endl;
  
    // Calculating waiting time for
    // each process from the given
    // formula
    for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
        wt[i] = (at[i - 1] + bt[i - 1] + wt[i - 1]) - at[i];
  
        // Print the waiting time for
        // each process
        cout << i + 1 << "\t\t" << at[i]
             << "\t\t" << bt[i] << "\t\t"
             << wt[i] << endl;
    }
  
    // Declare variable to calculate
    // average
    float average;
    float sum = 0;
  
    // Loop to calculate sum of all
    // waiting time
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        sum = sum + wt[i];
    }
  
    // Find average waiting time
    // by dividing it by no. of process
    average = sum / 5;
  
    // Print Average Waiting Time
    cout << "Average waiting time = "
         << average;
}
  
// Driver code
int main()
{
    // Number of process
    int N = 5;
  
    // Array for Arrival time
    int at[] = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 };
  
    // Array for Burst Time
    int bt[] = { 4, 3, 1, 2, 5 };
  
    // Function call to find
    // waiting time
    CalculateWaitingTime(at, bt, N);
    return 0;
}

Java

// Java program to Calculate Waiting
// Time for given Processes
class GFG
{
   
// Function to Calculate waiting time
// and average waiting time
static void CalculateWaitingTime(int at[],
                          int bt[], int N)
{
   
    // Declare the array for waiting
    // time
    int []wt = new int[N];
   
    // Waiting time for first process
    // is 0
    wt[0] = 0;
   
    // Print waiting time process 1
    System.out.print("P.No.\tArrival Time\t"
        + "Burst Time\tWaiting Time\n");
    System.out.print("1"
        + "\t\t" +  at[0]+ "\t\t"
         + bt[0]+ "\t\t" +  wt[0] +"\n");
   
    // Calculating waiting time for
    // each process from the given
    // formula
    for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
        wt[i] = (at[i - 1] + bt[i - 1] + wt[i - 1]) - at[i];
   
        // Print the waiting time for
        // each process
        System.out.print(i + 1+ "\t\t" +  at[i]
            + "\t\t" +  bt[i]+ "\t\t"
             + wt[i] +"\n");
    }
   
    // Declare variable to calculate
    // average
    float average;
    float sum = 0;
   
    // Loop to calculate sum of all
    // waiting time
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        sum = sum + wt[i];
    }
   
    // Find average waiting time
    // by dividing it by no. of process
    average = sum / 5;
   
    // Print Average Waiting Time
    System.out.print("Average waiting time = "
         + average);
}
   
// Driver code
public static void main(String[] args)
{
    // Number of process
    int N = 5;
   
    // Array for Arrival time
    int at[] = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 };
   
    // Array for Burst Time
    int bt[] = { 4, 3, 1, 2, 5 };
   
    // Function call to find
    // waiting time
    CalculateWaitingTime(at, bt, N);
}
}
  
// This code is contributed by 29AjayKumar

Python3

# Python3 program to Calculate Waiting
# Time for given Processes
  
# Function to Calculate waiting time
# and average waiting time
def CalculateWaitingTime(at, bt, N):
  
    # Declare the array for waiting
    # time
    wt = [0]*N;
  
    # Waiting time for first process
    # is 0
    wt[0] = 0;
  
    # Prwaiting time process 1
    print("P.No.\tArrival Time\t" , "Burst Time\tWaiting Time");
    print("1" , "\t\t" , at[0] , "\t\t" , bt[0] , "\t\t" , wt[0]);
  
    # Calculating waiting time for
    # each process from the given
    # formula
    for i in range(1,5):
        wt[i] = (at[i - 1] + bt[i - 1] + wt[i - 1]) - at[i];
  
        # Print the waiting time for
        # each process
        print(i + 1 , "\t\t" , at[i] , "\t\t" , bt[i] , "\t\t" , wt[i]);
      
  
    # Declare variable to calculate
    # average
    average = 0.0;
    sum = 0;
  
    # Loop to calculate sum of all
    # waiting time
    for i in range(5):
        sum = sum + wt[i];
      
    # Find average waiting time
    # by dividing it by no. of process
    average = sum / 5;
  
    # PrAverage Waiting Time
    print("Average waiting time = " , average);
  
  
# Driver code
if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Number of process
    N = 5;
  
    # Array for Arrival time
    at = [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 ];
  
    # Array for Burst Time
    bt = [ 4, 3, 1, 2, 5 ];
  
    # Function call to find
    # waiting time
    CalculateWaitingTime(at, bt, N);
  
# This code is contributed by 29AjayKumar

C#

// C# program to Calculate Waiting
// Time for given Processes
using System;
  
class GFG
{
    
// Function to Calculate waiting time
// and average waiting time
static void CalculateWaitingTime(int []at,
                          int []bt, int N)
{
    
    // Declare the array for waiting
    // time
    int []wt = new int[N];
    
    // Waiting time for first process
    // is 0
    wt[0] = 0;
    
    // Print waiting time process 1
    Console.Write("P.No.\tArrival Time\t"
        + "Burst Time\tWaiting Time\n");
    Console.Write("1"
        + "\t\t" +  at[0]+ "\t\t"
         + bt[0]+ "\t\t" +  wt[0] +"\n");
    
    // Calculating waiting time for
    // each process from the given
    // formula
    for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
        wt[i] = (at[i - 1] + bt[i - 1] + wt[i - 1]) - at[i];
    
        // Print the waiting time for
        // each process
        Console.Write(i + 1+ "\t\t" +  at[i]
            + "\t\t" +  bt[i]+ "\t\t"
             + wt[i] +"\n");
    }
    
    // Declare variable to calculate
    // average
    float average;
    float sum = 0;
    
    // Loop to calculate sum of all
    // waiting time
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        sum = sum + wt[i];
    }
    
    // Find average waiting time
    // by dividing it by no. of process
    average = sum / 5;
    
    // Print Average Waiting Time
    Console.Write("Average waiting time = "
         + average);
}
    
// Driver code
public static void Main(String[] args)
{
    // Number of process
    int N = 5;
    
    // Array for Arrival time
    int []at = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 };
    
    // Array for Burst Time
    int []bt = { 4, 3, 1, 2, 5 };
    
    // Function call to find
    // waiting time
    CalculateWaitingTime(at, bt, N);
}
}
  
// This code is contributed by 29AjayKumar

输出：

P.No.    Arrival Time    Burst Time    Waiting Time
1        0        4        0
2        1        3        3
3        2        1        5
4        3        2        5
5        4        5        6
Average waiting time = 3.8

时间复杂度： O(N)