function isInViewport(element) {
    const rect = element.getBoundingClientRect();
    return (
        rect.top >= 0 &&
        rect.left >= 0 &&
        rect.bottom <= ((window.innerHeight + rect.height) || document.documentElement.clientHeight) &&
        rect.right <= (window.innerWidth || document.documentElement.clientWidth)
    );
}

//optimized from the stackOverflow answer to account 
//for element heights and widths (in vertical/horizontal scrolling)