📜  DOM解析器-解析XML文档

📅  最后修改于: 2020-11-10 04:35:57             🧑  作者: Mango


使用DOM的步骤

以下是使用DOM分析器分析文档时使用的步骤。

  • 导入与XML相关的包。

  • 创建一个DocumentBuilder

  • 从文件或流创建文档

  • 提取根元素

  • 检查属性

  • 检查子元素

导入与XML相关的包

import org.w3c.dom.*;
import javax.xml.parsers.*;
import java.io.*;

创建一个DocumentBuilder

DocumentBuilderFactory factory =
DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();

从文件或流创建文档

StringBuilder xmlStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
xmlStringBuilder.append("  ");
ByteArrayInputStream input =  new ByteArrayInputStream(
   xmlStringBuilder.toString().getBytes("UTF-8"));
Document doc = builder.parse(input);

提取根元素

Element root = document.getDocumentElement();

检查属性

//returns specific attribute
getAttribute("attributeName"); 
//returns a Map (table) of names/values
getAttributes(); 

检查子元素

//returns a list of subelements of specified name
getElementsByTagName("subelementName"); 
//returns a list of all child nodes
getChildNodes(); 

示范范例

这是我们需要解析的输入xml文件-



   
   
      Dinkar
      Kad
      Dinkar
      85
   
   
   
      Vineet
      Gupta
      Vinni
      95
   
   
   
      Jasvir
      Singh
      Jazz
      90
   

示范范例

DomParserDemo.java

package com.tutorialspoint.xml;

import java.io.File;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;

public class DomParserDemo {
   public static void main(String[] args){

      try {    
         File inputFile = new File("input.txt");
         DocumentBuilderFactory dbFactory 
            = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
         DocumentBuilder dBuilder = dbFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
         Document doc = dBuilder.parse(inputFile);
         doc.getDocumentElement().normalize();
         
         System.out.println("Root element :" 
            + doc.getDocumentElement().getNodeName());
         NodeList nList = doc.getElementsByTagName("student");
         
         System.out.println("----------------------------");
         for (int temp = 0; temp < nList.getLength(); temp++) {
            Node nNode = nList.item(temp);
            
            System.out.println("\nCurrent Element :" 
               + nNode.getNodeName());
            if (nNode.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
               Element eElement = (Element) nNode;
               
               System.out.println("Student roll no : " 
                  + eElement.getAttribute("rollno"));
               
               System.out.println("First Name : " 
                  + eElement
                  .getElementsByTagName("firstname")
                  .item(0)
                  .getTextContent());
               
               System.out.println("Last Name : " 
               + eElement
                  .getElementsByTagName("lastname")
                  .item(0)
                  .getTextContent());
               
               System.out.println("Nick Name : " 
               + eElement
                  .getElementsByTagName("nickname")
                  .item(0)
                  .getTextContent());
               
               System.out.println("Marks : " 
               + eElement
                  .getElementsByTagName("marks")
                  .item(0)
                  .getTextContent());
            }
         }
      } catch (Exception e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      }
   }
}

上面的程序将产生以下结果-

Root element :class
----------------------------

Current Element :student
Student roll no : 393
First Name : Dinkar
Last Name : Kad
Nick Name : Dinkar
Marks : 85

Current Element :student
Student roll no : 493
First Name : Vineet
Last Name : Gupta
Nick Name : Vinni
Marks : 95

Current Element :student
Student roll no : 593
First Name : Jasvir
Last Name : Singh
Nick Name : Jazz
Marks : 90