Unix / Linux-有用的命令

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📜 Unix / Linux-有用的命令

📅 最后修改于: 2020-10-31 15:03:05 🧑 作者: Mango

该快速指南列出了命令，包括语法和简短说明。有关更多详细信息，请使用-

$man command

文件和目录

这些命令使您可以创建目录和处理文件。

下面是文件和目录中的命令列表。

Sr.No.	Command & Description
1	cat Displays File Contents
2	cd Changes Directory to dirname
3	chgrp Changes file group
4	chmod Changes permissions
5	cp Copies source file into destination
6	file Determines file type
7	find Finds files
8	grep Searches files for regular expressions
9	head Displays first few lines of a file
10	ln Creates softlink on oldname
11	ls Displays information about file type
12	mkdir Creates a new directory dirname
13	more Displays data in paginated form
14	mv Moves (Renames) an oldname to newname
15	pwd Prints current working directory
16	rm Removes (Deletes) filename
17	rmdir Deletes an existing directory provided it is empty
18	tail Prints last few lines in a file
19	touch Updates access and modification time of a file

处理数据

可以使用以下命令比较和更改文件的内容。

以下是操作数据中的命令列表。

Sr.No.	Command & Description
1	awk Pattern scanning and processing language
2	cmp Compares the contents of two files
3	comm Compares sorted data
4	cut Cuts out selected fields of each line of a file
5	diff Differential file comparator
6	expand Expands tabs to spaces
7	join Joins files on some common field
8	perl Data manipulation language
9	sed Stream text editor
10	sort Sorts file data
11	split Splits file into smaller files
12	tr Translates characters
13	uniq Reports repeated lines in a file
14	wc Counts words, lines, and characters
15	vi Opens vi text editor
16	vim Opens vim text editor
17	fmt Simple text formatter
18	spell Checks text for spelling error
19	ispell Checks text for spelling error
20	emacs GNU project Emacs
21	ex, edit Line editor
22	emacs GNU project Emacs

压缩文件

可以压缩文件以节省空间。可以创建和检查压缩文件。

Sr.No.	Command & Description
1	compress Compresses files
2	gunzip Helps uncompress gzipped files
3	gzip GNU alternative compression method
4	uncompress Helps uncompress files
5	unzip List, test and extract compressed files in a ZIP archive
6	zcat Cat a compressed file
7	zcmp Compares compressed files
8	zdiff Compares compressed files
9	zmore File perusal filter for crt viewing of compressed text

获取资讯

在线提供了各种Unix手册和文档。以下Shell命令提供信息-

Sr.No.	Command & Description
1	apropos Locates commands by keyword lookup
2	info Displays command information pages online
2	man Displays manual pages online
3	whatis Searches the whatis database for complete words
4	yelp GNOME help viewer

网络通讯

以下这些命令用于从本地Unix主机向世界各地的远程主机发送和接收文件。

Sr.No.	Command & Description
1	ftp File transfer program
2	rcp Remote file copy
3	rlogin Remote login to a Unix host
4	rsh Remote shell
5	tftp Trivial file transfer program
6	telnet Makes terminal connection to another host
7	ssh Secures shell terminal or command connection
8	scp Secures shell remote file copy
9	sftp Secures shell file transfer program

出于安全原因，其中某些命令可能在您的计算机上受到限制。

用户之间的消息

Unix系统支持向其他用户的屏幕消息和全球电子邮件-

Sr.No.	Command & Description
1	evolution GUI mail handling tool on Linux
2	mail Simple send or read mail program
3	mesg Permits or denies messages
4	parcel Sends files to another user
5	pine Vdu-based mail utility
6	talk Talks to another user
7	write Writes message to another user

编程工具

根据您在Unix上安装的内容，可以使用以下编程工具和语言。

下面列出了“实用程序”中的工具和语言。

Sr.No.	Command & Description
1	dbx Sun debugger
2	gdb GNU debugger
3	make Maintains program groups and compile programs
4	nm Prints program’s name list
5	size Prints program’s sizes
6	strip Removes symbol table and relocation bits
7	cb C program beautifier
8	cc ANSI C compiler for Suns SPARC systems
9	ctrace C program debugger
10	gcc GNU ANSI C Compiler
11	indent Indent and format C program source
12	bc Interactive arithmetic language processor
13	gcl GNU Common Lisp
14	perl General purpose language
15	php Web page embedded language
16	py Python language interpreter
17	asp Web page embedded language
18	CC C++ compiler for Suns SPARC systems
19	g++ GNU C++ Compiler
20	javac JAVA compiler
21	appletvieweir JAVA applet viewer
22	netbeans Java integrated development environment on Linux
23	sqlplus Runs the Oracle SQL interpreter
24	sqlldr Runs the Oracle SQL data loader
25	mysql Runs the mysql SQL interpreter

杂项命令

这些命令列出或更改有关系统的信息-

下面给出的是Unix中的其他命令列表。

Sr.No.	Command & Description
1	chfn Changes your finger information
2	chgrp Changes the group ownership of a file
3	chown Changes owner
4	date Prints the date
5	determin Automatically finds terminal type
6	du Prints amount of disk usage
7	echo Echo arguments to the standard options
8	exit Quits the system
9	finger Prints information about logged-in users
10	groupadd Creates a user group
11	groups Show group memberships
12	homequota Shows quota and file usage
13	iostat Reports I/O statistics
14	kill Sends a signal to a process
15	last Shows last logins of users
16	logout Logs off Unix
17	lun Lists user names or login ID
18	netstat Shows network status
19	passwd Changes user password
20	passwd Changes your login password
21	printenv Displays value of a shell variable
22	ps Displays the status of current processes
23	ps Prints process status statistics
24	quota -v Displays disk usage and limits
25	reset Resets terminal mode
26	script Keeps script of terminal session
27	script Saves the output of a command or process
28	setenv Sets environment variables
30	stty Sets terminal options
31	time Helps time a command
32	top Displays all system processes
33	tset Sets terminal mode
34	tty Prints current terminal name
35	umask Show the permissions that are given to view files by default
36	uname Displays name of the current system
37	uptime Gets the system up time
38	useradd Creates a user account
39	users Prints names of logged in users
40	vmstat Reports virtual memory statistics
41	w Shows what logged in users are doing
42	who Lists logged in users