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📜  近场通信 (NFC) 和射频识别 (RFID) 之间的区别

📅  最后修改于: 2021-09-15 01:28:19             🧑  作者: Mango

1. 近场通信(NFC)：
NFC是一种短距离高频无线通信技术，主要用于移动或手持设备。它提供通过触摸两部手机或将它们保持在几厘米内建立的无线电通信。通过简单地将两个设备彼此保持并在最后几厘米使用无线通信接口，可以轻松进行目标选择。 NFC 通信主要基于感应耦合，它使用两个环形天线之间的磁感应工作，工作频率为 13.56MHZ，数据变化为 106 到 424kbit/s。

NFC 有主动模式和被动模式两种模式。在主动模式下，两个设备都可以产生电磁场并相互交换信息。在被动模式下，只有一个主动用户，它包含其他设备可以读取的信息，但它自己不读取任何信息。

2. 射频识别(RFID)：
RFID是一种使用互联网的自动识别方法。其中数字编码在RFID标签中的数据可以被类似于条形码的阅读器读取，而从标签中读取的数据由阅读器存储在数据库中。它由集成电路和天线两部分组成，标签覆盖有保护材料，可作为抵御各种环境影响的屏障。这可能是无源和有源和无源 RFID 标签大多使用的标签。

它源自(AIDC)自动识别和数据捕获技术，用于数据收集和将收集到的数据映射到计算机系统。它使用无线通信和RFID使用无线电波来执行AIDC函数。

近场通信(NFC)和射频识别(RFID)的区别：

Basis off NFC RFID
Developed Near Field Communication technology is introduced in 2002. Radio Frequency Identification technology is introduces in 1980.
Definition Near Field Communication it is a type of short-range high-frequency wireless communication technology and is mainly used for mobile or handheld device. Radio Frequency Identification is an automatic identification method uses Internet, in which data digitally encoded in RFID tag .
Tags Near Field Communication tags are passive in nature. Radio Frequency Identification tags can be both active or passive in nature and also semi passive in nature.
Communication Near Field Communication provides bidirectional communication. Radio Frequency Identification unidirectional communication.
Structure In which only smartphone with in built Near Field Communication. In which we add some extra tags and reader.
Security It provides medium security features. It provides features like miss reading duplication or basic security.
Sampling Sampling is present in Near Field Communication. Sampling is not present in Radio Frequency Identification.
Frequency range. In Near Field Communication we operate only high frequency 13.56mhz and act as both reader and tag.devices must be close proximity due to short read range.

Radio Frequency Identification contain three types of range. 
 

  • Low frequency-125-134khz
  • High frequency-13.56mhz
  • Ultra high frequency-856mhzto 960mhz

 
Popular Uses

Near Field Communication tags are generally used for.. 
 

  • Paying bills using NFC.
  • Tracking car mileage.
  • Sharing data.
  • Sharing and transferring information between two devices by tapping each other.
  • Contactless payment

 

Radio Frequency Identification tags generally used for 
 

  • Asset tracking
  • Tools Tracking
  • Race timing
  • Access control
  • Inventory tracking

 
Range 0.2m 100m
Power Consumption 424kbit/s Varies with frequency.
Setup Medium. Difficult to setup.
Cost Low. High
Maximum Coverage Length 10cm 3m