C/C++ 中 Argument 和 Parameter 的区别和例子

争论

参数是指调用函数时在函数内传递的值。这些值通常是在执行过程中需要参数的函数的来源。这些值被分配给被调用函数定义中的变量。函数传递的值的类型与函数定义中定义的变量的类型相同。这些也称为实际参数或实际参数。

示例：假设需要调用 sum()函数，将两个数字相加。这两个数字称为参数，并在 sum() 从其他地方调用时传递给它。

C

// C code to illustrate Arguments
 
#include 
 
// sum: Function definition
int sum(int a, int b)
{
    // returning the addition
    return a + b;
}
 
// Driver code
int main()
{
    int num1 = 10, num2 = 20, res;
 
    // sum() is called with
    // num1 & num2 as ARGUMENTS.
    res = sum(num1, num2);
 
    // Displaying the result
    printf("The summation is %d", res);
    return 0;
}

C++

// C++ code to illustrate Arguments
#include 
using namespace std;
 
// sum: Function definition
int sum(int a, int b)
{
    // returning the addition
    return a + b;
}
 
// Driver code
int main()
{
    int num1 = 10, num2 = 20, res;
 
    // sum() is called with
    // num1 & num2 as ARGUMENTS.
    res = sum(num1, num2);
 
    // Displaying the result
    cout << "The summation is " << res;
    return 0;
}

输出：

The summation is 30

参数

参数被称为在函数声明或定义期间定义的变量。这些变量用于接收在函数调用期间传递的参数。函数原型中的这些参数在为其定义的函数的执行期间使用。这些也称为形式参数或形式参数。
示例：假设需要定义一个 Mult()函数来将两个数字相乘。这两个数字称为参数，是在定义函数Mult() 时定义的。

C

// C code to illustrate Parameters
 
#include 
 
// Mult: Function definition
// a and b are the PARAMETERS
int Mult(int a, int b)
{
    // returning the multiplication
    return a * b;
}
 
// Driver code
int main()
{
    int num1 = 10, num2 = 20, res;
 
    // Mult() is called with
    // num1 & num2 as ARGUMENTS.
    res = Mult(num1, num2);
 
    // Displaying the result
    printf("The multiplication is %d", res);
    return 0;
}

C++

// C++ code to illustrate Parameters
 
#include 
using namespace std;
 
// Mult: Function definition
// a and b are the parameters
int Mult(int a, int b)
{
    // returning the multiplication
    return a * b;
}
 
// Driver code
int main()
{
    int num1 = 10, num2 = 20, res;
 
    // Mult() is called with
    // num1 & num2 as ARGUMENTS.
    res = Mult(num1, num2);
 
    // Displaying the result
    cout << "The multiplication is " << res;
    return 0;
}

输出：

The multiplication is 200

自变量和参数的区别

Argument	Parameter
When a function is called, the values that are passed during the call are called as arguments.	The values which are defined at the time of the function prototype or definition of the function are called as parameters.
These are used in function call statement to send value from the calling function to the receiving function.	These are used in function header of the called function to receive the value from the arguments.
During the time of call each argument is always assigned to the parameter in the function definition.	Parameters are local variables which are assigned value of the arguments when the function is called.
They are also called Actual Parameters	They are also called Formal Parameters
Example: int num = 20; Call(num)       // num is argument	Example: int Call(int rnum) {     printf("the num is %d", rnum); }   // rnum is parameter

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