1. 简单对象访问协议(SOAP)：
简单对象访问协议 (SOAP) 是一种用于在节点之间交换结构化数据的网络协议。它使用 XML 格式来传输消息。它在 HTML 和 SMTP 等应用层协议之上工作，用于符号和传输。 SOAP 允许进程跨平台、语言和操作系统进行通信，因为像 HTTP 这样的协议已经安装在所有平台上。
2. HTTP :
HTTP 是由 Tim Berners Lee 在 1989 年在 Cern 创建的应用层协议，目前用于 Web 上的大部分数据传输。它是在万维网上使用超文本文件进行数据通信的基础。该协议负责服务器在通过网络发送信息时必须采取的行动。当一个 URL 被输入浏览器时，这个协议会向服务器发送一个 HTTP 请求，然后一个 HTTP 响应被发送回浏览器。
SOAP 和 HTTP 的区别：
| S.No. | SOAP | HTTP |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | SOAP stands for Simple Object Access Protocol. | HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol. |
| 2. | It is XML based used for sending and receiving messages. | It is used to transfer information over the internet. |
| 3. | It supports web socket or WS-Addressing, WS-Security, SwA. | It do not supports web socket or WS-Addressing, WS-Security, SwA. |
| 4. | HTTP is over TCP and IP. | SOAP is over HTTP. |
| 5. | It support runtime checking against WSDL. | It do not support runtime checking against WSDL. |
| 6. | It support Automatic processing of Message Transmission Optimization Mechanism (MTOM). | It also support MTOM, but it must use the MIME message domain and design flow should be done to handle the attachments explicitly. |
| 7. | This protocol’s design is Data centric. | This protocol’s design is Document centric. |
| 8. | It is a light weight data interchange protocol. | It is not light weight data transfer protocol as SOAP. |