📜  栈和树的区别

📅  最后修改于: 2021-09-07 02:53:34             🧑  作者: Mango

堆栈:堆栈是一种线性数据结构,其中元素只能从列表的一侧插入和删除,称为顶部。在栈的情况下,插入称为操作,删除称为弹出操作。插入和删除的顺序可能是LIFO (后进先出)即,最新插入堆栈的元素也将首先插入。在堆栈中,列表中存在的最后一个元素的轨迹由一个名为top的指针进行跟踪。下面是相同的图形表示

树:树是一个或多个节点的有限集合,使得:

  • 有一个特别指定的节点,称为root
  • 剩余的节点被划分为 N>=0 个不相交的集合 T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , …, T N ,其中T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , …, T N称为根的子树。

每个节点都有一个特定的父节点,可能有也可能没有子节点。每个节点都包含一个值和对子节点的引用。它是一种图数据结构,但没有环并且是全连接的。树的概念如下图所示:

下面是 Stack 和 Tree 之间的表格差异:

S No.

Parameter

Stack

Tree

1 Basic Nature Linear Data Structure Non-Linear Data Structure
2 Base Notion Top of the stack The root of the Tree
3 Successor Element pushed before the reference element The notion of child and parent exists
4 Order of Insertion Elements inserted on the TOP of the stack Depends on the type of tree.
5 Order of Deletion Elements deleted from the TOP of the stack Depends on the type of tree.
6 Insertion Complexity O(1) Depends on the type for example AVL- O(log2N).
7 Deletion Complexity O(1) Depends on the type for example AVL- O(log2N).
8 Searching O(1) Depends on the type for example AVL- O(log2N).
9 Finding Min O(N) Depends on the type for example Min Heap- O(log2N).
10 Finding Max O(N) Depends on the type for example Min Heap- O(log2N).
11 IsEmpty O(1) Mostly O(1)
12 Implementation Using arrays and linked list Can be implemented using array and user-defined type of nodes
13 Types No types exist Many types like Binary Tree, AVL Tree, nary Tree, etc.
14 Applications Expression evaluation, Backtracking, Memory management, etc. Fast search, insert, delete, etc.

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