📜  使用 JavaScript 的冒泡排序可视化

📅  最后修改于: 2021-09-01 02:29:34             🧑  作者: Mango

GUI(图形用户界面)比程序更有助于理解。在本文中,我们将使用 JavaScript 可视化冒泡排序。我们将看到如何在冒泡排序中交换元素以及如何获得最终的排序数组。我们还将可视化冒泡排序的时间复杂度。

参考:

  • 冒泡排序
  • JavaScript 中的异步函数

方法:

  • 首先,我们将使用Math.random()函数生成一个随机数组。
  • 不同的颜色用于指示正在比较、排序排序的元素
  • 由于该算法执行操作的速度非常快,因此已使用setTimeout()函数来减慢该过程。
  • “Ctrl+R”键可以生成新数组。
  • 排序是使用BubbleSort()函数的,使用swap()函数

例子:

下面是可视化冒泡排序算法的程序。

索引.html

HTML


  

    
    
    

  

    
    

Bubble Sort

       
       


style.css:以下是上述文件中使用的“style.css”的内容。

* {
    margin: 0px;
    padding: 0px;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}
  
.header {
    font-size: 20px;
    text-align: center;
}
  
#array {
    background-color: white;
    height: 413px;
    width: 598px;
    margin: auto;
    position: relative;
    margin-top: 64px;
}
  
.block {
    width: 28px;
    background-color: #6b5b95;
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0px;
    transition: 0.2s all ease;
}
  
.block_id {
    position: absolute;
    color: black;
    margin-top: -20px;
    width: 100%;
    text-align: center;
}

script.js:以下是上述HTML代码中使用的“script.js”文件的内容。

var container = document.getElementById("array");
  
// Function to generate the array of blocks
function generatearray() {
    for (var i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
  
        // Return a value from 1 to 100 (both inclusive)
        var value = Math.ceil(Math.random() * 100);
  
        // Creating element div
        var array_ele = document.createElement("div");
  
        // Adding class 'block' to div
        array_ele.classList.add("block");
  
        // Adding style to div
        array_ele.style.height = `${value * 3}px`;
        array_ele.style.transform = `translate(${i * 30}px)`;
  
        // Creating label element for displaying 
        // size of particular block
        var array_ele_label = document.createElement("label");
        array_ele_label.classList.add("block_id");
        array_ele_label.innerText = value;
  
        // Appending created elements to index.html 
        array_ele.appendChild(array_ele_label);
        container.appendChild(array_ele);
    }
}
  
// Promise to swap two blocks
function swap(el1, el2) {
    return new Promise((resolve) => {
  
        // For exchanging styles of two blocks
        var temp = el1.style.transform;
        el1.style.transform = el2.style.transform;
        el2.style.transform = temp;
  
        window.requestAnimationFrame(function() {
  
            // For waiting for .25 sec
            setTimeout(() => {
                container.insertBefore(el2, el1);
                resolve();
            }, 250);
        });
    });
}
  
// Asynchronous BubbleSort function
async function BubbleSort(delay = 100) {
    var blocks = document.querySelectorAll(".block");
  
    // BubbleSort Algorithm
    for (var i = 0; i < blocks.length; i += 1) {
        for (var j = 0; j < blocks.length - i - 1; j += 1) {
  
            // To change background-color of the
            // blocks to be compared
            blocks[j].style.backgroundColor = "#FF4949";
            blocks[j + 1].style.backgroundColor = "#FF4949";
  
            // To wait for .1 sec
            await new Promise((resolve) =>
                setTimeout(() => {
                    resolve();
                }, delay)
            );
  
            console.log("run");
            var value1 = Number(blocks[j].childNodes[0].innerHTML);
            var value2 = Number(blocks[j + 1]
                        .childNodes[0].innerHTML);
  
            // To compare value of two blocks
            if (value1 > value2) {
                await swap(blocks[j], blocks[j + 1]);
                blocks = document.querySelectorAll(".block");
            }
  
            // Changing the color to the previous one
            blocks[j].style.backgroundColor = "#6b5b95";
            blocks[j + 1].style.backgroundColor = "#6b5b95";
        }
  
        //changing the color of greatest element 
        //found in the above traversal
        blocks[blocks.length - i - 1]
                .style.backgroundColor = "#13CE66";
    }
}
  
// Calling generatearray function
generatearray();
  
// Calling BubbleSort function
BubbleSort();

输出:

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