C++中的std :: to_address及其示例

C++ 20中引入的std :: to_address用于获取由指定指针表示的地址，而无需形成对指针的引用。现有的std :: addressof无法执行std :: addressof(* ptr)，因为* ptr并不总是对象。 std :: to_address为我们解决了这些问题。

句法：

template class Ptr
constexpr auto to_address(const Ptr& p) noexcept;

template class T
constexpr T* to_address(T* p) noexcept;

参数：此方法接受参数p ，它是要查找其地址的特殊指针或原始指针。

返回值：该方法返回代表指针p地址的Raw指针。

以下示例演示了std :: address的用法
范例1 ：

// C++ code to show
// the use of std::address
  
#include 
#include 
using namespace std;
  
// Allocate memory and return
// the pointer to that memory
template 
auto allocator_new(A& a)
{
    auto p = a.allocate(1);
    try {
        allocator_traits::construct(
            a, to_address(p));
    }
    catch (...) {
        a.deallocate(p, 1);
        throw;
    }
  
    cout << "Pointer to Memory allocated: "
         << p << endl;
    return p;
}
  
// Delete memory using
// pointer to that memory
template 
void allocator_delete(
    A& a,
    typename allocator_traits::pointer p)
{
    allocator_traits::destroy(
        a, to_address(p));
    a.deallocate(p, 1);
    cout << "Pointer to Memory deleted: "
         << p << endl;
}
  
// Driver code
int main()
{
    allocator a;
    auto p = allocator_new(a);
    allocator_delete(a, p);
}

输出：

Pointer to Memory allocated: 0x1512c20
Pointer to Memory deleted: 0x1512c20

范例2：

// C++ code to show
// the use of std::address
  
#include 
#include 
using namespace std;
  
int main()
{
  
    // Make a unique pointer and
    // use to_address to get its address
    // from heap memory
    cout << "Using unique pointers\n\n";
    auto ptr = make_unique(15);
    cout << "Address of pointer to 15: "
         << to_address(ptr) << "\n";
  
    auto ptr1 = make_unique(17);
    cout << "Address of pointer to 17: "
         << to_address(ptr1) << "\n";
  
    // Use to_address to get the
    // address of a dumb pointer
    // from stack memory
    cout << "\nUsing dumb pointers\n\n";
  
    int i = 17;
    cout << "Address of pointer to 17: "
         << to_address(&i) << "\n";
  
    int j = 18;
    cout << "Address of pointer to 18: "
         << to_address(&j) << "\n";
  
    return 0;
}

输出：

Using unique pointers

Address of pointer to 15: 0x181ec30
Address of pointer to 17: 0x181ec50

Using dumb pointers

Address of pointer to 17: 0x7fff6b454398
Address of pointer to 18: 0x7fff6b45439c

参考： https：//en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/memory/to_address

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