📜  C#|获取SortedList对象中指定键的索引

📅  最后修改于: 2021-05-29 23:17:50             🧑  作者: Mango

SortedList.IndexOfKey(Object)方法用于获取SortedList对象中指定键的从零开始的索引。

句法:

public virtual int IndexOfKey (object key);

在此, key是要位于SortedList对象中的Key。

返回值:如果在SortedList对象中找到了键,则System.Int32类型的从零开始的索引,否则返回-1。

例外情况:

  • ArgumentNullException :如果键为null。
  • InvalidOperationException :如果比较器引发异常。

下面的程序说明了上面讨论的方法的使用:

范例1:

// C# code to get the zero-based index
// of the specified key in a SortedList
// object
using System;
using System.Collections;
  
class Geeks {
  
    // Main Method
    public static void Main(String[] args)
    {
  
        // Creating a SortedList of integers
        SortedList mylist = new SortedList();
  
        // Adding elements to SortedList
        mylist.Add("First", "Ram");
        mylist.Add("Second", "Shyam");
        mylist.Add("Third", "Mohit");
        mylist.Add("Fourth", "Rohit");
        mylist.Add("Fifth", "Manish");
  
  
        // printing the keys and values of mylist
        Console.WriteLine("Index \t\t Keys \t\tValues");
  
        for (int i = 0; i < mylist.Count; i++) 
        {
            Console.WriteLine("[{0}]\t\t{1}\t\t{2}", i,
                mylist.GetKey(i), mylist.GetByIndex(i));
        }
          
        Console.Write("\nThe index of key 'Third' is: "); 
          
        // getting the index of key "Third"
        Console.Write(mylist.IndexOfKey("Third"));
          
        // getting the index of key which is
        // not present in mylist so it will
        // return -1
        Console.Write("\nThe index of key 'Sixth' is: "); 
        Console.Write(mylist.IndexOfKey("Sixth"));
    }
}

输出:

Index          Keys         Values
[0]        Fifth        Manish
[1]        First        Ram
[2]        Fourth        Rohit
[3]        Second        Shyam
[4]        Third        Mohit

The index of key 'Third' is: 4
The index of key 'Sixth' is: -1

示例2:演示ArgumentNullException可能发生的情况

// C# code to get the zero-based index
// of the specified key in a SortedList
// object
using System;
using System.Collections;
  
class Geeks {
  
    // Main Method
    public static void Main(String[] args)
    {
  
        // Creating a SortedList of integers
        SortedList mylist = new SortedList();
  
        // Adding elements to SortedList
        mylist.Add("1", "C++");
        mylist.Add("2", "Java");
        mylist.Add("3", "DSA");
        mylist.Add("4", "Python");
        mylist.Add("5", "C#");
  
  
        // printing the keys and values of mylist
        Console.WriteLine("Index \t\t Keys \t\tValues");
   
        for (int i = 0; i < mylist.Count; i++) 
        {
            Console.WriteLine("[{0}]\t\t{1}\t\t{2}", i,
                mylist.GetKey(i), mylist.GetByIndex(i));
        }
          
        Console.Write("\nThe index of key 'null' is: ");    
          
        // getting the index of key "null"
        // it will give ArgumentNullException
        Console.Write(mylist.IndexOfKey(null));
    }
}

运行时错误:

笔记:

  • 索引序列基于排序序列。添加元素后,它会以正确的排序顺序插入SortedList中,索引也会相应调整。删除元素后,索引也会相应调整。因此,特定键/值对的索引可能会更改。
  • 此方法使用二进制搜索算法,因此,此方法是O(log n)运算,其中n是Count。

参考:

  • https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/api/system.collections.sortedlist.indexofkey?view=netframework-4.7.2